1. The Crusades: The Crescent and the Cross

2. Origins of the Crusades
In 1095 C.E. Byzantine emperor Alexius I urgently asked Pope Urban II for Christian knights to help him fight the Muslim Turks
The Pope called for a crusade (holy war) to free the Holy Land

3. From The Chronicle of the First Crusade
“Both knights and footman, both rich and poor…must strive to help expel the Turks from our Christian lands before it is too late. Christ commands it. Remission of sins (indulgences) will be granted for those going tither.”

5. The First Crusade
Christian knights captured Jerusalem in 1099 C.E. They capped their victory with a massacre of the cities Jews and Muslims.
Formed 4 regions called The Crusader States
Last Crusader outpost captured in 1291 C.E.

6. Massacre of the Muslims by Richard I of England

8. Fall of Jerusalem
The Muslims repeatedly sought to destroy The Crusader States
1187 C.E.— Jersualem fell to Muslim forces led by Salah-al-Din (Saladin)
Saladin eventually reopened the city to Christian pilgrims

9. Sack of Constantinople
During the Fourth Crusade, Christians were diverted from fighting Muslims to fighting one another
Crusader knights captured and looted Constantinople

10. The Mongols
The Mongols conquered Russia, China, and Muslim states in Southwest Asia, destroying cities and countryside
Formed the largest empire the world had seen since Rome

11. The Fall of the Byzantine Empire
Weakened by warfare, the Byzantine Empire fell to the Turks in 1453 C.E.
The city was renamed Istambul and and became the capital of the Ottoman Empire

12. Op-Ed Writing
Write an editorial piece either for or against going on a Crusade to the Holy Land.
Include three supporting ideas
Minimum 1 paragraph (5-7 sentences)
If you need more information, use p of your book

13. Pictures
Pope Urban’s Speech 1095 C.E:
Crusader Map:
Crusader States: BXBXXOeIc6IVp0mC_aQiaDa3ffKvFQduNE
Murder of the Saracens: .jpg
Surrender of the Christians to Saladin: .jpg
Christians attacking Constantinople: lma_Le_Jeune.JPG
Ghengis Khan:
Sack of Constantinople: nst.jpg/220px-Zonaro_GatesofConst.jpg