1. FACTS ABOUT TUNDRA BIOME SUBMITTED BY: JUSTIN ADRIAN F. DUQUE AND PAOLO CAÑALITA

2.  Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes  It comes from the word tunturia, a Finninsh word which means treeless plain  Noted for frost-molded landscapes

3. CHARACTERISTICS

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNDRA  Extremely cold climate  Low biotic diversity  Simple vegetation structure  Limitation of drainage  Short season of growth and reproduction  Energy and nutrients in the form of dead organic material  Large population oscillations

5. ALPINE TUNDRA

6. Alpine Tundra  Found on tops of tall, cold mountains  No trees grow on this biome  Soil is well drained  Nighttime temperature is below freezing point

7. PLANTS IN ALPINE TUNDRA  Tussock grasses  Dwarf Trees  Small-leafed shrubs  Heaths ANIMALS IN ALPINE TUNDRA  Mammals – pikes, marmots, mountain goats, sheep elk  Grouselike birds  Insects – Springtails, beetles, grasshoppers, butterflies

8. ARCTIC TUNDRA

9. Arctic Tundra  Found in the Northern Hemisphere encircling the north pole  Soil is frozen. Permafrost or permanent ice.  Water is unavailable most of the year.  Annual precipitation is very low, less than 10 inches or 25 centimeters

10. PLANTS in ARCTIC and SUB-ARCTIC  Low shrubs, ridges, reindeer mosses, liverworts, and grass  400 varieties of flower  Crustose and folioce lichen ANIMALS IN ARCTIC  Musk Ox, Arctic Wolf, Brown Bear

11. Factors that Destroy the Tundra Carbon dioxides in the atmosphere are poison. Carbon dioxide is given off by plants that die and decompose. The tundra is a carbon dioxide sink. The tundra traps carbon dioxide because the frost prevents plants from dying. Global warming melts the tundra, which melts the layers of frost, and returns huge amounts of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.

12. Preventing Destruction of the Tundra Leave the tundra undisturbed. Miners and oil drillers who move into the tundra kill the animals and disrupt the ecosystem. They use pesticides to kill the hordes of insects. Migrating birds feed on these insects and die because of the pesticide inside the insects. The miners and drillers have polluted the tundra lakes and rivers, which caused the death of plants in the surrounding area. From the Philippines, we can help save the tundra by not contributing to global warming. Global warming heats up the atmosphere, which reaches the tundra and melts it.