1. Speech Analysis 2 Notes

2. Irony
Dramatic
When the audience/reader knows something the characters don’t
Verbal
When someone says the opposite of what is expected or appropriate (sarcasm)
Situational
When the situation is the opposite of what is expected

3. Logical vs Emotional Appeal
Use facts
Data/Statistics
Experts
Quotes
Emotional
Use loaded words
Personal anecdotes
Logical fallacies (appeal to fear, slippery slope, etc)
Rhetorical devices (questions, hyperbole, parallelism)

4. Figurative language Simile Metaphor Personification Oxymoron
Onomatopoeia
Pun
Allusion
Alliteration
Hyperbole
Idiom

5. Simile
A comparison of two unlike thing that uses “like”, “as”, or “than”
Your skin is as smooth as silk.
My love for you is like a raging fire!

6. Metaphor A direct comparison of two unlike things
Michael Phelps is a fish!
My neighbor is an evil monster.
The traffic is a nightmare.

7. Personification Giving non-human things human characteristics
The stars were dancing in the sky.
The shoes in the window were calling out my name!

8. Alliteration The repetition of sounds at the beginning of the words.
The whirling wind wailed all night long.
Peter Piper pick a peck….

9. Hyperbole Extreme Exaggeration My mom is going to kill me!
I’ve watched that movie a million times!

10. Pun A play on the multiple meaning of a word
Q: What did the fish say when he hit the concert wall? A: Dam!
Q: What instrument do fish like to play? A: A bass guitar.

11. Idiom It is raining cats and dogs. He kicked the bucket!
a term or phrase whose meaning cannot be deduced from the literal definitions but refers instead to a figurative meaning that is known only through common use.
It is raining cats and dogs.
He kicked the bucket!

12. Onomatopoeia When a word sounds like its meaning Crack or whip
Pop or boom
Slap or smack

13. Allusion A reference to history, literature, art, politics or religion
He betrayed me; he’s such a Judas!
When someone messes up, the say “Oops I did it again!”

14. Oxymoron Pairing together two words with opposite meanings Pretty Ugly
Alone together
Pleasurable torture
Jumbo Shrimp

15. Logical Fallacies Ad hominem – Personal attack
Slippery Slope – one thing leads to worse
Appeal to fear – Scare tactics
False Authority – “Trust me” I’m a doctor
False Analogy – False comparison
False Dilemma – Either/Or (two options)
Non Sequitur – It doesn’t follow

16. Text Structure Chronological Compare/Contrast Cause and Effect
Order of Importance
Problem/Solution

17. Chronological Order 1 2 3 4

18. Compare and Contrast

19. Cause and Effect

20. Order of Importance
Idea 1:
Idea 2:
Idea 4:
Idea 3:
Idea 5:

21. Problem/Solution

22. Inductive vs. Deductive
True Premise + True Premise = 100% Guaranteed Conclusion
Inductive =
True Premise + True Premise = Probably True Conclusion

23. False Premise
In arguments, look for the premises the speaker is building their case on. Some look and sound true, but are actually false.
Because all students are failing Algebra, algebra teachers should rethink they way they teach.
Protecting the environment is the most important thing we as humans can do, so everyone should recycle.

24. Rhetorical Devices Rhetorical Questions Repetition Parallelism
Hyperbole
Simile, Metaphor (analogies)