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Arctic Tundra By: Kevin, Hayley, and Caroline
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Northern Hemisphere Falls between 2 biomes: Taiga and the Ice Caps Global Locations
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Artic Tundra Food Web
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6-10 inches yearly (mostly snow) Summer: sun 24/7 (3-12 degrees Celsius) Winter: several weeks no sun (-70 to -28 degrees Celsius) Precipitation & Temperature Ranges
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Animals: Polar bear, caribou, arctic fox, snowy hare, musk ox, rock ptarmigan, narwhal, mountain goat Plants: Artic moss, bareberry, arctic willow, arctic poppy Common Plants & Animals
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People living in tundra: air pollution from cities, drilling for resources Overpopulation of Canadian geese: graze when vegetation is scarce Global Warming: shrinks the tundra Threats to the Biome
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Hibernation: bears sleeping through winter Fur: polar bears and caribou have hollow hairs Burrowing: hares and lemmings live underground Body shape: shorter limbs, more compact frames reduce heat loss Animal Adaptations
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Grow close to ground Small leaves Use as little energy as possible Extremely resistant from cold Photosynthesize from snow Plant Adaptations
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Arctic moss: primary food source Keystone Species
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Musk ox Narwhal Both only live in Arctic Tundra Unique Creatures
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Musk ox, narwhal, bearberry, polar bears, caribou, ptarmigan Endemic Species
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Canadian geese: growing in population size Canis lupus (the dog): active hunters Beaver: cut down trees, cause floods Invasive Species
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Tundra plants: willows, sedges and grasses, lichens, mosses Caribou and Reindeer: THE indicator animal species for the Arctic Tundra, Reindeer is the Old World form and is smaller and Caribou is North American form Indicator Species
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Abiotic factors that influence tundra are strong winds, rainfall, short summer days, long and cold winters, and permafrost layer Average winter temperature: -34 degrees C. Average summer temperature: 3-12 degrees C. Important Abiotic Factors
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A plant species in a nitrogen-limited, arctic tundra community were differentiated in timing, depth, nitrogen uptake, and this species dominance is strongly correlated with the uptake of most available soil nitrogen forms. Examples of Resource Partitioning
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