1. Thursday, February 9, 2012 25 days of class until the SATP 82 calendar days until the SATP No time to lose!!!!

2. Objective for Today 3d- Analyze the origins and development of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies including ideology, technology, economics, and geography. Basically we will look at Capitalism vs Communism(Economics and Ideology), The Korean War(Geography), The Bay of Pigs Invasion(Geography), and The Cuban Missile Crisis(Technology and Geography).

3. THE COLD WAR HEATS UP

4. US and USSR are trying to each control as many countries as possible!!! Stalin and the USSR United States

5. In the Cold War, the US and the USSR were both trying to dominate the world with their particular political and economic systems. Capitalism Wealth is based on competition among people Businesses dominate Unequal distribution of wealth results (really poor and really rich…) Communism Wealth is distributed by the state to ensure that each person has an equal amount The idea is that everybody has what they need…nobody has 5 houses while others live on the street

6. Cold War standoff!!! NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) Warsaw Pact (Stalin and his communist buddies)

7. US Strategy on USSR: Containment Berlin Airlift Truman Doctrine: Aid to Greece and Turkey to fight communism Marshall Plan: Aid to rebuild Europe… And to discourage countries from communism

8. Today’s examples of Containment Korean War: fighting Communists Bay of Pigs Invasion Cuba

9. THE KOREAN WAR American soldiers in the Korean war What caused the Korean War?

10. Japan had ruled Korea since 1910. At the end of WWII, Japanese forces in the north surrendered to the Soviets. In the south, the Japanese surrendered to the Americans. 2 nations then developed. North: Communist South: Democracy

11. They were separated by the 38 th parallel, an imaginary line that divides Korea at 38 degrees north latitude.

12. In June 1950, North Korea, with Soviet support, started the Korean War by invading South Korea. Truman was afraid another Asian nation was about to fall to communism.

13. Truman ordered air & naval support for South Korea. President Truman signing a proclamation declaring a national emergency that initiates U.S. involvement in the Korean War.

14. This cartoon by the British cartoonist David Low, from the Daily Herald (30 Jun 1950), shows Truman and the United Nations rushing to Korea’s aid.

15. Then the United Nations agreed to help South Korea. Troops from 16 nations – most of them American – were sent to South Korea. They were led by General Douglas MacArthur.

16. President Truman and General Douglas MacArthur

17. North Korean troops moved steadily south. They conquered the South Korean capital of Seoul.

18. Then MacArthur launched a counterattack. His forces trapped about ½ the North Korean Army, which surrendered. MacArthur’s success in Korea made him a national hero. North Korean prisoners of war under guard

19. In this photograph, Koreans suspected of being Communists are held by anti-Communist South Korean troops.

20. UN & South Korean forces advanced toward the 38 th parallel. If they crossed it, the war would become an offensive rather than a defensive one.

21. For 2 years, fighting continued. But neither side advanced. MacArthur wanted to extend the war into China. He even suggested dropping atomic bombs on China. Truman was against this strategy. The Soviets were allies of the Chinese. Truman felt bombing China would start WWIII.

22. A cease-fire went into effect in June 1951 Both sides agreed on a demilitarized zone at the 38 th parallel. North Korea South Korea 38 th Parallel

23. An armistice was signed in July 1953. The agreement was a stalemate. Korea was still divided b/w Communist N. Korea & non- Communist S. Korea.

24. Bay of Pigs Invasion The island nation of Cuba, right next to the United States, became communist in 1959, led by Fidel Castro. Cuba

25. Bay of Pigs invasion President John F. KennedyFidel Castro Cuban leader

26. Bay of Pigs Invasion The United States, under President Kennedy, decided to train former Cuban citizens who had defected from Cuba to invade the island and overthrow Castro.

27. Cuban Missile Crisis We found out that the Soviets were putting nuclear weapons bases on Cuba… Cuba is right by the US…so we thought they were getting ready to drop nuclear bombs on us. Cuba

28. Cuban Missile Crisis

29. Soviet Intermediate Range Nuclear Ballistic Missile

30. Cuban Missile Crisis US Response President Kennedy set up a blockade around Cuba to prevent the Soviets from shipping in more missiles

31. Blockade of Cuba American ships

32. Review: Today’s examples of Containment 1.Korean War 2. Bay of Pigs invasion 3. Cuban Missile Crisis Cuba