1. Chapter 5: Probability Section 5.1: Probability Rules

2. Chapters 1-4 cover descriptive statistics. Chapters 9-12 (and beyond) cover inferential statistics. Inferential statistics uses data to answer questions about the population parameters while acknowledging randomness affecting our data. Probability is the foundation of inferential stats.

3. Question: Flip a “fair” coin, P(H)=0.5, 100 times. How many heads will you get? A.49 B.50 C.51 D.Anywhere from 0 to 100.

5. Using StatCrunch

7. Classical vs. Empirical vs. Subjective method for determining probabilities Statement: You believe you have a 85% chance of passing this course. Question: Which method of probability was used to get “85%”? A.Classical B.Empirical C.Subjective

8. Statement: Typically, a student has an 85% chance of passing this course. Question: Which method of probability was used to get “85%”? A.Classical B.Empirical C.Subjective

9. Statement: Toss two fair coins and the probability of getting two heads is 0.25. Question: What method was used to calculate 0.25? A.Classical B.Empirical C.Subjective

10. Statement: The probability of a baby being a boy is just over 0.51. Question: Which method was used to determine 0.51? A.Classical B.Empirical C.Subjective

11. Use the tree diagram to determine the probability of getting 2 heads out of 3 coin tosses.

12. An ugly example of a tree diagram: Determine the probability of getting a 9 from rolling a pair of fair dice.

13. List out the possible ways to roll a pair of dice and their sum: Die A→ B↓ 123456 1234567 2345678 3456789 45678910 56789 11 6789101112