2. CHRISTIANITY ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH EASTERN ORTHODOX CHURCH PROTESTANTISM LUTHERAN PRESBYTERIAN BAPTIST METHODIST ETC “THE SCHISM” 1054 “THE REFORMATION “THE REFORMATION” 1500’s

3. HISTORY OF THE CHURCH  The Church from 500-1000  Viking plundering of monasteries during 800’s and 900’s threatened the Church.  Muslims threatened Europe and Christianity  The lower clergy was barely literate  Church leaders were often corrupt  In 1054, the Church divided between east and west. The schism.  Constantinople & Eastern Europe – Eastern Orthodox Church  Rome & Western Europe – Roman Catholic Church

5. Decline in the Medieval Church Spiritual Authority Temporal Authority Political & Spiritual Poverty

6. PROBLEMS OF THE CHURCH  Marriage of the clergy - forbidden by Church law  Simony - Buying & selling of Church positions.  Lay Investiture - Granting of authority to clergy members by kings or nobles.  Corruption of some popes who had been chosen by civil leaders.

7. ATTEMPTS AT CHURCH REFORM WEAPONS OF THE CHURCH  Excommunication - Cut individuals off from the Church. Could no longer receive the sacraments  Interdict - Cut off sacraments to an entire region or nation  Inquisition – An individual suspected of being a heretic could be questioned, tortured, or even killed.

8. Decline in the Medieval Church Official Church Beliefs Heresies Theological Differences  John Wycliffe Lollards John Huss Hussites

9. The Hussite Wars [1420-1436]

10. The Babylonian Captivity (1309- 1377) The Papal Complex, Avignon France

11. The Great Schism: 1377-1417

12. Decline in the Medieval Church FAITH [Scholasticism] REASON [Roger Bacon & William of Ockham] Intellectual Inquiry  Thomas Aquinas [Summa Theologica]