1. What was the Russian Revolution and how did it change the government of Russia?

2.  An armed revolt against the absolute power of Russian czar, Nicholas II  Spring & fall of 1917  Saw the creation of the world first real Marxist (Communist) state  The USSR

3.  Unhappy with a number of things: 1. Tired of absolute monarchy ▪ More personal freedom 2. Tired of poor working conditions & pay ▪ Few jobs / poor economy ▪ Famines / widespread depression 3. Tired of Russia’s foreign wars ▪ Russo-Japanese War (1904-05) ▪ World War I (1914 – 17)

4. Poor Working Conditions / Pay An Early Russian Factory

6. Bloody Sunday ( 1905) The Czar ’ s Winter Palace in St. Petersburg

7. Russo-Japanese War [1904- 1905]

10. Nicholas II: The Last Romanov Czar [r. 1894-1917]

11. The Czar & The Royal Family

14.  The leader of the Bolsheviks was Vladimir Lenin  1870 – 1924  Lawyer / Activist  Exiled from Russia for his radical thoughts  Returned to Russia in 1917  With the help of the Germans

15. Lenin’s older brother Aleksandr was accused of plotting to assassinate Czar Alexander III and was executed His death had a profound impact on Lenin

18. LENIN “INCOGNITO”

19.  Czar Nicholas II abdicates (“steps down”) as czar  Lenin smuggled into the country  Temporary democratic government fails  Very weak / ineffective

20. The Russian Revolution’s “Big Three” LENIN STALINTROTSKY

21.  Civil war in Russia  “Reds” = Lenin’s supporters  “Whites” = democratic / supporters of the Czar  “Reds” eventually win  Set up a “communist” government (USSR)  Czar & his family are executed