1. A Study of Assisting Hearing-Impaired Students in Identifying Mandarin Tones by Using Modified Pitch Contours Adviser: Dr. Yeou - Jiunn Chen Presenter: MING - DA LEE Hsiao-chuan wang (2010 )A Study of Assisting Hearing-Impaired Students inIdentifying Mandarin Tones by Using Modified Pitch Contours and Low-Pass Filtering. Bulletin of Special Education, 35(3), 77-101Journal of the Speech, Languagen, and Hearing Research.

2. Outline  Introduction  Purpose  Materials and Methods  Result  Conclusion  References

3. Introduction  mandarin ?  Tone  Tone ?  fundamental frequency(F0)?  Syllable?

4. Purpose  (1) Investigation voice monotonous decrease of the degree of speech intelligibility.  (2) Relatively monotonous voice of the three two-syllable words after the identification of impact.

5. Materials and Methods  一、 Participants 32 Normal adults 32 Normal adults 4 Speaker 4 Speaker Age19~40 years old 。 Age19~40 years old 。 First languagemandarin First language is mandarin

6. Materials and Methods

7.  Marantz PMD201 recorder  SHURE BG 2.1 microphone

8. Materials and Methods  Speech re-synthesis 32 bit Creative sound blaster Sampling frequency 22.05Hz Cspeech  Removed F0’s rise and fall

9. Materials and Methods Play speech sounds subject Heard&Write downPress the button

10. Result

11. Result

12. Result

13. Conclusion  T  T he F0-flattened stimuli significantly longer reaction time (RT) greater error rates lower intelligibility scores

14. Purpose  Using Modified Pitch Contours in hearing- Impaired Students ?

15. Materials and Methods  26 children  Mean age 13.6 years old  Mean hearing loss right ear is 88dB 'left ear is 89dB

16. Materials and Methods  Materials 「ㄧ」、「ㄨ」、 「 Y 」 、「ㄞ」、「ㄟ」、 「ㄠ」、「ㄡ」 。 「ㄧ」、「ㄨ」、 「 Y 」 、「ㄞ」、「ㄟ」、 「ㄠ」、「ㄡ」 。

17. Materials and Methods  Voice Hearing detection system  Voice modify system

18. Materials and Methods

19.  Setting the voice fundamental frequency curve- Tseng ( 1990 )  Expand the voice fundamental frequency curve- Liu (2007 ) Materials and Methods

22.  「」  「 low-pass filtering 」 Keep the following 500hz Keep the following 500hz

23. Materials and Methods Play speech sounds subject Used mouse to point out the print

24. Result

25. Result

26. Result

27. Conclusion  Expand the voice fundamental frequency curve and Expand the  Expand the voice fundamental frequency curve and Expand the baseband filter curve better than the other four baseband filter curve better than the other four

28. References  Hsiao-chuan wang ( 2010 )A Study of Assisting Hearing-Impaired Students inIdentifying Mandarin Tones by Using Modified Pitch Contours and Low-Pass Filtering. Bulletin of Special Education, 35(3), 77- 101Journal of the Speech, Languagen, and Hearing Research.  Jing-Yi Jeng(2004) The influence of Monotone on Mandarin Lexical Identification and Speech Intelligibility, 38, 175 ∼ 196, 南師學報.