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The State of Israel. Zionism and the Jewish connection to the land The Jews felt that Palestine was the land that God promised them thousands of years.

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Presentation on theme: "The State of Israel. Zionism and the Jewish connection to the land The Jews felt that Palestine was the land that God promised them thousands of years."— Presentation transcript:

1 The State of Israel

2 Zionism and the Jewish connection to the land The Jews felt that Palestine was the land that God promised them thousands of years ago This desire to return to their homeland began in the late 1800s and grew in popularity after WWI. In 1917, Britain issued the Balfour Declaration- stating that they would work toward the establishment of a national home for the Jewish people in Palestine because of Zionism. 1903-1933-Jewish population grew from 25,000 to 238,000 as Jews moved into region

3 The Creation of Israel Arabs had been living in Palestine since the 1300’s (as part of the Ottoman Empire) The Arabs did not support Zionism because they felt the Jews were taking away their land- this was a recipe for disaster!! As more Jews moved to Palestine, tensions with Arabs increased and clashes became more violent and frequent

4 The Creation of Israel Because of the horrors of the Holocaust, the U.S. and most of the non-Arab world believed that Jews should be allowed to move to the area Great Britain was trying to keep the other Arab countries in the world happy by stopping Zionism (remember they were in control of Palestine after WWI) After WWII, they allowed the United Nations to resolve the issue, so on May 15, 1948, the state of Israel was created in part of Palestine. This day was known as “al-Nakba” or “the Catastrophe” to Arabs

5 Video Israel_and_Palestine__The_Land.asf

6 The Start of the Conflict The very next day - 5 Arab armies from Lebanon, Syria, Egypt, Jordan, and Iraq invaded Israel and were defeated by the Israelis Over next several years, Arab countries competed to lead Arab forces against Israel The United States and most of the non-Arab world supported Israel

7 The Conflict Continues (don’t copy) 1964-Palestinian Liberation Organization was formed -Made up of several Palestinian political groups in different countries whose goal was to take Palestine back from Israelis -1969-2004—Yasser Arafat leader of PLO 1967 Six-Day War -Israel doubled amount of land it controlled and spread hope and confidence throughout Israel and its supporters -500,000 Palestinians fled their homes during this conflict, joining hundreds of thousands already displaced because of Arab-Israeli fighting. Many of them ended up in Egypt, Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan 1972 Olympics—Munich, Germany -“Black September (terrorist groups formed by Palestinian militants) took 11 Israeli athletes hostage—all were killed along with 5 terrorists and 1 policeman

8 Attempts at Peace (don’t copy) 1977—Menachem Begin (Israeli Prime Minister) and and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat worked out a peace agreement with help of President Jimmy Carter Agreement is called “Camp David Accords” because they met at Camp David in the U.S. Prime Minister Begin agreed to remove all Israeli troops from Sinai Peninsula and return the land to Egypt This made other Arab countries mad and they stopped doing business with Egypt 1981-Sadat was assassinated by Egyptian troops

9 Hezbollah and Hamas (don’t copy) Two important Arab groups founded in mid-1980s Both groups are supported by Syria and Iran Both have led violent attacks on Israel, killing many civilians Hezbollah (means party of God) is mostly Shiite Muslims from Lebanon Hamas is a group based in West Bank and Gaza Strip

10 Peace at Last?? (don’t copy) Still today, Israeli and Arab forces attack and counter-attack each other. Gaza Strip and West Bank are constant battle zones were people are never safe for long. There have been many cease-fires and peace agreements signed, but nothing has and may never bring peace to this region.

11 Other conflicts Israel and Palestine are not the only conflicts between countries in this region: Afghanistan vs. Soviet Union Iran vs. Iraq Sunni vs. Shia Muslims Kurds vs. other ethnic groups Persian Gulf War These wars did not at least initially involve the U.S. They were and still are fought over land and religion.

12 Question Think about the history of the Jews. After so many years without a homeland, what do you think was the main event that led to the establishment of the state of Israel? (Was it Zionism, the spread of anti-Semitism, the Holocaust, or a combination of all 3?) Has your answer to these questions changed?? -Do you agree with the creation of Israel? Do you relate more to Israel or Palestine’s side?


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