1. Intertransversi Origin: (A to A and B to B) cervical region: from the anterior tubercle of transverse process from the posterior tubercle of transverse process thoracic region: (poorly developed) lumbar region: lateral aspect of the transverse process mamillary process Insertion: cervical region: to the anterior tubercle immediately above to the posterior tubercle immediately above thoracic region: (poorly developed) lumber region: lateral aspect of the transverse process immediately above to the accessory process on the vertebra immediately above Action: laterally flexes each respective pair of vertebrae (also eccentric muscle contraction provides stability) Blood: muscular branches of the aorta Nerve: dorsal rami of spinal nerves

2. Intertransversi

5. Obliquus Capitis Obliquus capitis inferior Origin: spinous process of axis (C2) Insertion: transverse process of atlas (C1) Action: rotates the head to the contracted side Blood: muscular branches of vertebral artery Nerve: suboccipital nerve, (dorsal rami C1) Obliquus capitis superior Origin: transverse process of atlas (C1) Insertion: between superior and inferior nuchal line of occiput Action: bilaterally extends the head laterally flexes to the contracted side Blood: muscular branches of vertebral artery Nerve: suboccipital nerve, (dorsal rami C1)

6. Obliquus Capitis Inferior and Superior

7. Obliquus Capitis Superior Obliquus Capitis Inferior

8. Obliquus Capitis Inferior and Superior 3 = obliquus capitis superioris 4 = obliquus capitis inferioris

9. Longus Colli & Longus Capitis Longus colli Origin: lower anterior vertebral bodies and transverse processes Insertion: anterior vertebral bodies and transverse processes several segments above Action: flexes the head and neck Blood: muscular branches of the aorta Nerve: ventral rami C2-C6 Longus capitis Origin: upper anterior vertebral bodies and transverse processes Insertion: anterior vertebral bodies and transverse processes several segments above Action: flexes the head and neck Blood: muscular branches of the aorta Nerve: ventral rami C1-C3

10. Longus Colli & Longus Capitis

12. Longus CapitisLongus Colli

13. Sternocleidomastoid Origin: (two heads) manubrium of sternum medial portion of clavicle Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone Action: rotates to side opposite of contraction laterally flexes to the contracted side bilaterally flexes the neck Blood: occipital artery superior thyroid artery Nerve: motor: spinal accessory (XI cranial) sensory: ventral rami of C2,(C3)

14. Sternocleidomastoid

17. Platysma Origin: subcutaneous skin over delto-pectoral region Insertion: invests in the skin widely over the mandible Action: depress mandible and lower lip tenses the skin over the lower neck Blood: superficial vessels of the neck Nerve: cervical branch of facial nerve (VII cranial)

18. Platysma