1. The Female Reproductive System
Ovaries
All three enclosed
within broad ligament.
Uterine tubes
Uterus
Vaginal canal and vagina
External genitalia

2. Female Reproductive System

3. The Ovaries Ovaries -> eggs, estrogen and progesterone.
Held in position by ovarian ligament and suspensory ligaments.
Ovarian artery and vein enter at ovarian hilus.
Covered by tunica albuginea.
Ovarian cycle and follicular development.
(dictates uterine cycle)

4. The Uterine Tubes Infundibulum with fimbriae Ampulla Isthmus
Intramural portion that opens to uterine cavity
Lined with ciliated and nonciliated simple columnar epithelium - aids in transport

5. ciliated and
non-ciliated
simple columnar
epithelium

6. Gross Divisions of the Uterus
Fundus
Body (largest portion)
Cervix
External os
Uterine cavity
Cervical canal
Internal os

8. Uterine Wall (Layers) Endometrium - innermost layer
Contains endometrial (uterine) glands.
Functional layer, top 1/3 (sheds).
Basal Layer, bottom 2/3 (remains).
Myometrium – muscular (thickest ~90%).
Perimetrium – outermost (superficial).

9. The Uterine Wall
Basic histology of the uterine wall.
Figure 27.16b

14. The Vagina
Elastic muscular tube from uterus to external genitalia (has rugae).
Passageway:
Forms lower portion of birth canal.
Hymen partially blocks entrance to vagina.
Lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

15. The External Genitalia
Vulva (pudendum)
Labia majora – outer (larger)
Labia minora – inner (smaller)
Clitoris – erectile tissue (spongiosum)
- Prepuce (hood, foreskin of clitoris)
Vestibule (created by labia minora)
Greater vestibular (Bartholin’s) gland.
Mons pubis

21. The Ovarian and Uterine Cycles
28 day menstrual cycle
Begins with onset of menses
Destruction of functional zone of endometrium
Menstruation continues for 1-7 days
Proliferative phase
Functional zone undergoes repair and thickens
Entire cycle begins at menarche (puberty)
Continues until menopause