1. 1206-1526

2. * 5 short dynasties * Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni led early invasions of india in 11 th century * Took northern India * Violence and discrimination against Hindus * Temples destroyed– turned into Mosques * Sufi saints helped to spread Islam after a rough beginning * Warded off the Mongols for 300 years

3. * Urdu- blend of Persian, Arabic and Hindi * Indian numerals and math were introduced to the rest of the world * Members of the lower castes found Islam attractive * Architecture * 13% of Indians are Muslim