1. By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H.S. Chappaqua, NY EDITED: Mr. Stonehill - THHS

2. The Geography of Greece

3. Questions What seems to be the main “areas” of the Classical Greek world?What seems to be the main “areas” of the Classical Greek world? Where might potential enemies/rivals of Greece arise from?Where might potential enemies/rivals of Greece arise from?

5. Bronze Age Greece

6. Crete: Minoan Civilization (Palace at Knossos)

7. Knossos: Minoan Civilization

8. Minoan Civilization

9. The Mycenaean Civilization

10. Homer: The “ Heroic Age ”

11. The Mask of Agamemnon

12. Questions What features of Archaic Greek culture do we associate with Western culture?What features of Archaic Greek culture do we associate with Western culture?

14. ATHENS: Yesterday & Today

15. Piraeus: Athens ’ Port City

16. Questions Why is a port city necessary for Athens?Why is a port city necessary for Athens?

17. Early Athenian Lawgivers  Draco – initial dictator  “draconian”  Solon “ law giver ”  Cleisthenes  created the first democracy!

18. Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE

19. Persian Wars: Famous Battles  Marathon (490 BCE)  26 miles from Athens – Greeks defeat Persians  Thermopylae (480 BCE)  300 Spartans at the Mountain pass – eventually Xerxes conquers Athens, burns it and leaves  Salamis (480 BCE)  Athenian navy victorious over Persians leading to “stalemate”

20. Athens - Golden “ Age of Pericles ” : 460 BCE – 429 BCE

21. Great Athenian Philosophers  Socrates  Know thyself!  question everything  only the pursuit of goodness brings happiness.  Plato  The Academy  The world of the FORMS  The Republic  philosopher-king

22. Great Athenian Philosophers  Aristotle  The Lyceum  “Golden Mean” [everything in moderation].  Logic.  Scientific method.

23. Athens: The Arts & Sciences  DRAMA (tragedians):  Aeschylus  Sophocles  Euripides  THE SCIENCES:  Pythagoras - mathematician  Democritus  all matter made up of small atoms.  Hippocrates  “Father of Medicine”

24. Architecture - Phidias ’ Acropolis

25. The Acropolis Today

26. The Parthenon

27. The Agora

28. The Classical Greek “ Ideal ” – emphasis on human body – accuracy in art as well

29. Olympia – human sport and the emphasis of what the human body can achieve

30. The Ancient Olympics: Athletes & Trainers

31. Olympia: Temple to Hera

32. The 2004 Olympics

33. Questions What aspects of Athenian culture would you consider Western Culture?What aspects of Athenian culture would you consider Western Culture? Define art (how does it work, its materials, its subject matter, how does it look, etc.) in the Golden Age of Athens.Define art (how does it work, its materials, its subject matter, how does it look, etc.) in the Golden Age of Athens.

34. SPARTA

35. Helots  Messenians enslaved by the Spartans.

36. Peloponnesian Wars

37. Macedonia Under Philip II

38. Questions How was Sparta and its allies able to defeat Athens and the Delian League?How was Sparta and its allies able to defeat Athens and the Delian League? How was Macedonia able to conquer the rest of Classical Greece?How was Macedonia able to conquer the rest of Classical Greece?

40. Alexander the Great

41. Alexander the Great ’ s Empire

42. Alexander the Great in Persia

43. The Hellenization of Asia

44. Pergamum: A Hellenistic City

45. The Economy of the Hellenistic World

46. Hellenistic Philosophers  Cynics  Diogenes  ignore social conventions & avoid luxuries.  citizens of the world.  live a humble, simple life.  Epicurians  Epicurus  avoid pain & seek pleasure.  all excess leads to pain!  politics should be avoided.

47. Hellenistic Philosophers  Stoics  Zeno  nature is the expansion of divine will.  concept of natural law.  get involved in politics, not for personal gain, but to perform virtuous acts for the good of all.  true happiness is found in great achievements.

48. Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences  Scientists / Mathematicians:  Aristarchus  heliocentric theory.  Euclid  geometry  Archimedes  pulley  Hellenistic Art:  More realistic; less ideal than Hellenic art.  Showed individual emotions, wrinkles, and age!

49. The Breakup of Alexander ’ s Empire