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By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H.S. Chappaqua, NY EDITED: Mr. Stonehill - THHS
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The Geography of Greece
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Questions What seems to be the main “areas” of the Classical Greek world?What seems to be the main “areas” of the Classical Greek world? Where might potential enemies/rivals of Greece arise from?Where might potential enemies/rivals of Greece arise from?
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Bronze Age Greece
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Crete: Minoan Civilization (Palace at Knossos)
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Knossos: Minoan Civilization
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Minoan Civilization
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The Mycenaean Civilization
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Homer: The “ Heroic Age ”
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The Mask of Agamemnon
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Questions What features of Archaic Greek culture do we associate with Western culture?What features of Archaic Greek culture do we associate with Western culture?
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ATHENS: Yesterday & Today
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Piraeus: Athens ’ Port City
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Questions Why is a port city necessary for Athens?Why is a port city necessary for Athens?
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Early Athenian Lawgivers Draco – initial dictator “draconian” Solon “ law giver ” Cleisthenes created the first democracy!
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Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE
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Persian Wars: Famous Battles Marathon (490 BCE) 26 miles from Athens – Greeks defeat Persians Thermopylae (480 BCE) 300 Spartans at the Mountain pass – eventually Xerxes conquers Athens, burns it and leaves Salamis (480 BCE) Athenian navy victorious over Persians leading to “stalemate”
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Athens - Golden “ Age of Pericles ” : 460 BCE – 429 BCE
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Great Athenian Philosophers Socrates Know thyself! question everything only the pursuit of goodness brings happiness. Plato The Academy The world of the FORMS The Republic philosopher-king
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Great Athenian Philosophers Aristotle The Lyceum “Golden Mean” [everything in moderation]. Logic. Scientific method.
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Athens: The Arts & Sciences DRAMA (tragedians): Aeschylus Sophocles Euripides THE SCIENCES: Pythagoras - mathematician Democritus all matter made up of small atoms. Hippocrates “Father of Medicine”
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Architecture - Phidias ’ Acropolis
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The Acropolis Today
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The Parthenon
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The Agora
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The Classical Greek “ Ideal ” – emphasis on human body – accuracy in art as well
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Olympia – human sport and the emphasis of what the human body can achieve
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The Ancient Olympics: Athletes & Trainers
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Olympia: Temple to Hera
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The 2004 Olympics
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Questions What aspects of Athenian culture would you consider Western Culture?What aspects of Athenian culture would you consider Western Culture? Define art (how does it work, its materials, its subject matter, how does it look, etc.) in the Golden Age of Athens.Define art (how does it work, its materials, its subject matter, how does it look, etc.) in the Golden Age of Athens.
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SPARTA
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Helots Messenians enslaved by the Spartans.
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Peloponnesian Wars
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Macedonia Under Philip II
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Questions How was Sparta and its allies able to defeat Athens and the Delian League?How was Sparta and its allies able to defeat Athens and the Delian League? How was Macedonia able to conquer the rest of Classical Greece?How was Macedonia able to conquer the rest of Classical Greece?
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Alexander the Great
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Alexander the Great ’ s Empire
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Alexander the Great in Persia
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The Hellenization of Asia
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Pergamum: A Hellenistic City
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The Economy of the Hellenistic World
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Hellenistic Philosophers Cynics Diogenes ignore social conventions & avoid luxuries. citizens of the world. live a humble, simple life. Epicurians Epicurus avoid pain & seek pleasure. all excess leads to pain! politics should be avoided.
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Hellenistic Philosophers Stoics Zeno nature is the expansion of divine will. concept of natural law. get involved in politics, not for personal gain, but to perform virtuous acts for the good of all. true happiness is found in great achievements.
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Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences Scientists / Mathematicians: Aristarchus heliocentric theory. Euclid geometry Archimedes pulley Hellenistic Art: More realistic; less ideal than Hellenic art. Showed individual emotions, wrinkles, and age!
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The Breakup of Alexander ’ s Empire
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