1. Management Process Model
linking management desired
processes functions conditions
Planning
Manager Communications Organizing Coordination Goals
Decision Making Leading Adaptation
Controlling

2. Types of Communication
Extra-Organizational
Inter-Organizational
Intra-Organizational
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal

3. Nature of Communications
Formal
Informal
Communication Directions
Downward
Upward
Horizontal
Diagonal

4. Communication Patterns
Chain Wheel Circle Star
(All channel)

5. Media Used Low High Media Richness Media: Written Oral Nonverbal
Formal Letters Tele- Video- Face to
Reports Memos phone Conf Face
Low High
Media Richness
Media: Written
Oral
Nonverbal

6. Channel Advantages & Disadvantages
Permanent record Personal
Premeditated Two-way
Easily disseminated Fast feedback
Impersonal No record
One-way Spontaneous
Slow feedback Dissemination Diff.
Adv.
Disadv.
Low High
Channel Richness

7. Nonverbal Communication( )
Message
Meaning
Verbal vocal nonverbal
content cues communication + +
= f
Paralanguage
Kinesics
Proxemics
Object
Language

8. Functions of Nonverbal Communication
1. Can serve to repeat a message
2. Can complement a verbal message
3. Can accent a verbal message
4. Can substitute for verbal cues
5. Can regulate verbal communication
6. Can contradict verbal messages

9. The Communication Process
Ideation Encoding Transmission Receiving Decoding Action
Feedback

10. Barriers to Communication
Stage
Affected
A. Interpersonal Barriers
Poor listening Receiving
Semantics Encoding &
decoding
Interpersonal Relations Encoding &
Inconsistent cues Decoding
Inappropriate media Receiving &

11. B. Organizational Barriers Status/Power Differences Encoding &
Stage
Affected
B. Organizational Barriers
Status/Power Differences Encoding &
decoding
Communication Flow
Network Breakdown Transmission
& receiving
Information Overload Any stage
Time Pressures Any stage
Noise Any stage

12. Stage
Affected
C. Cultural Barriers
Language Encoding &
decoding
Customs
Meaning of Time Decoding
Meaning of Space Decoding

13. Types of Theoretical Perspectives
Communication Traditional Behavioral Modern
Levels of Analysis
Extraorganizational X
Interorganizational X
Intraorganizational X X X
Interpersonal X X
Intrapersonal X X
Nature of Communications
Formal X X
Informal X X
Direction of Communications
Downward X X X
Upward X X
Lateral X X
Diagonal X
Media Used
Written X X X
Oral X X
Nonverbal X X
Electronic X