2. Behavior Genetics Research Endocrine System Endocrine System Nervous System Neurotransmission & the Brain Neurotransmission & the Brain 50 40 30 20 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 Final ? Final ? 40 50 10 20 30 40 50 10 20 30 40 50

3. This part of the brain, known as the “sensory switchboard,” sits atop the brainstem and relays messages between lower brain centers and the cerebral cortex Thalamus

4. This part of the cerebral cortex controls sensation and helps with the processing of mathematical, spatial associations Parietal lobe

5. What type of input must be received for a neuron to generate an action potential? More excitatory input than inhibitory input to surpass the “threshold” and cause neuron to “fire”

6. Chemical substances that mimic or enhance the effects of neurotransmitters are known as __Agonist____.

7. The most common excitatory neurotransmitter, it is released by over half of the neural synapses and plays a role in learning and memory formation Glutamate

8. This part of the nervous system becomes engaged when we are aroused and expend energy Sympathetic nervous system

9. Heartbeat, digestion and other involuntary processes are controlled by this part of the nervous system Autonomic nervous system

10. This is the part of the nervous system that controls voluntary muscles Somatic nervous system

11. Which part of the nervous system is active when our appetite returns and our heartbeat slows following exercise? Parasympathetic nervous system

12. If John burns his hand on a candle, the pain message would be carried to his spinal cord by the _____________ nervous system Somatic nervous system (Sensory neurons)

13. Considered to be the “master gland,” it is located in the brain and releases hormones that influence growth Pituitary gland

14. Which hormone, released by the endocrine system’s sex glands, stimulates growth of the male sex organs? Testosterone

15. Final Question This naturally produced chemical in the body modifies the action of neurotransmitters as it binds to neurons and impacts our perception of pain Endorphins

16. This gland is located in the neck and regulates metabolism Thyroid

17. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are _________ that are released by the _______ gland Hormones; adrenal

18. This tool allows us to study the electrical activity in the brain by providing an amplified read-out of the waves of electrical activity EEG

19. The brain research technique involves the monitoring of the brain’s usage of glucose and generates images similar to that below PET Scan

20. The image below depicts brain activity shown through which brain researching technique? EEG

21. Early forms of brain research that involved the natural or experimental destruction of brain tissue were known as ____Lesioning____

22. How is the fMRI different from the MRI scan? Multiple images What does it allow researchers to see? Brain activity – oxygen consumption shows blood flow

23. Which group is more likely to develop the same mental illness? Fraternal twins or Identical twins

24. Gender refers to… Biological and social definition of male and female

25. A pair of adopted children raised in the same home are most likely to have similar _________________ Manners, values, beliefs

26. What have adoption studies revealed about the personalities of adopted children? Temperament and personality are more closely aligned to biological parents

27. To say that the heritability of a trait is approximately 50 percent means… When considering variation of a trait within a group of people, 50% can be attributed to genes