1. 1 Model of a Revolution

2. Parts of a Revolution Historians have noticed that many revolutions follow similar paths. They all seem to follow a similar plan, make the same mistakes, and change drastically in terms of goals and tactics. But not all revolutions follow all six stages or parts.

3. Fall of the Old Order Stage one

4. Symptoms: ✦ people are unhappy ✦ Taxes are usually high ✦ the economy poor ✦ famine & starvation are common, ✦ The majority of the people often have little or no say in the government. ✦ The country is at war. FALL OF THE OLD ORDER!

5. The government does not respond to the needs of its society. At times it even attacks the people who want change. Because of this, the government is unable to get enough support from any group to save itself. Revolutionaries gain power & seem united. FALL OF THE OLD ORDER!

6. Stage two: Rule by Moderates [moderates holds a middle position between two opposite viewpoints. A moderate position is neither extreme or radical. They want some change, not total change]

7. RULE BY THE MODERATES The moderates of the revolution take control of the new government. Once in power, revolutionaries begin to fight among themselves, and unity begins to dissolve. Often, the new leaders cannot solve the problems that started the revolution.

8. Stage three The Terror [ Radicals take control and favor HUGE changes in society]

9. “THE TERROR” Moderates fail to solve the countries’ problems Radical groups offer larger changes and blame “enemies of the revolution” for continuing problems As these radical groups take control, they use violence to eliminate these “enemies”. Even those who simply oppose the violence are labeled “enemies”. KillingsMass arrestsSecret Police FearTorture

10. Stage four: The “OOPS!” stage TURN AWAY FROM RADICAL RULE/Thermidorian Reaction

11. The end of the Terror Either 1. People get tired of the fear and the violence 2. The threat of the counter-revolution lessens or 3. there is simply no one left to kill. People turn against the radicals, most likely killing them. revolution becomes moderate again, yet is without a leader.

12. Stage five: Military Rule

13. MILITARY RULE A military ruler often uses the weakness of the country as a chance to take power and stabilize the country. Oftentimes, this new leader takes the powers of a dictator to bring order to a country.

14. Stage six: RESTORATION

15. Stability returns to the country through the death or overthrow of the dictator. The people begin to destroy any remaining signs of the revolution, radically changing their dress & way of life. Sometimes, the old regime is restored RESTORATION

16. What conclusions can you draw about the nature of revolutions based on this presentation?

17. 17 Task 1 Go back through the slide show. Make sure you have made notes for each stage of a revolution. Put the stages into the correct order. 17

18. 18 Task 2 You will look at one of the Arab “Revolutions” (Libya, Bahrain, Tunisia, Egypt, Syria, Yemen) Find 2 sources of information, 1 to be a newspaper, 1 to be the BBC or other reputable media outlet DO NOT USE WIKIPEDIA

19. 19 Task 3 Make a timeline of the revolution – when and what were the major events? Analyse your information – compare and contrast what you have found out to the Stages in a Revolution Is your revolution a “real” revolution? 19