1. Cell Division
Chapter 8 pg

2. Most important part of cell…
The instructions, DNA
Macromolecule – Nucleic Acid made of nucleotides – 4 different types
DNA is organized into chromosomes
Like wrapping christmas lights
When they are copied they are held together by a centromere until they can be divided safely

3. Chromosome Numbers
Some chromosomes determine the sex of an organism; sex chromosomes
Can carry other genes
Autosomes are non sex chromosomes
All organisms have a different number of chromosomes
Humans = 46
Cat = 32
Dog = 78
Lettuce = 18

4. Chromosome Numbers Sexual vs Asexual reproduction:
Two or one parents
Two copies of everything or one
You get instructions on how to make your nose from Mom AND Dad – the SAME object but a different brand
Both give you a cell phone but one is an iphone and the other is a droid
These are called HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES

5. Karyotype – a picture of your chromosomes
Can detect disorders
Identify male or female
Diploid – having two sets of chromosomes 2n
Haploid – having one set 1n
Humans Diploid = 46 Haploid = 23
23 from MOM + 23 from DAD = 46
More or less = bad

7. Cell Division Asexual Reproduction is called Binary Fission
Occurs in prokaryotic organisms
In eukaryotes, (us), there are two types of cell division
Mitosis – occurs for growth and repair
Meiosis – occurs for sexual reproduction

8. Cell Cycle 5 parts G0 – cells just are; no division G1 – growth
S – synthesis of DNA
G2 – growth and preparation
M – Cell Division
In Mitosis: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
Cytokinesis – final division of the cell
G0 – cells just are; no division

9. Mitosis
Prophase- nucleus dissolves, Spindle forms between centrioles, DNA forms into chromosomes
Metaphase- chromosomes line up in middle, centrioles make it to poles
Anaphase- chromatids separate and move, cell starts to pinch
Telophase- chromosomes reach poles, spindle dissolves, nucleus forms,
Cytokinesis- cytoplasm finally divides

10. 30 Words Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase G0 phase G1 phase
Vocabulary to include:
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
G0 phase
G1 phase
S Phase
G2 Phase
M Phase
Binary Fission
Mitosis
Meiosis
Interphase
Cell Cycle
Cytokinesis
Additional Vocabulary:
Centrosomes
Centrioles
Spindle Fibers
Cleavage Furrow
Cell Plate
Chromosome
Sister Chromatids
Centromere
Chromatin
Autosome/Sex Chromosome
Haploid
Diploid
Homologous Chromosomes
Karyotype
30 Words