1. PUNCTUATING AND USING APPOSITIVES

2. When to use an Appositive  When you need to cut down sentences. The sentence  The jailer was the warden’s best friend. He put the key in the lock and locked me away forever. Becomes  The jailer, warden’s best friend, put the key in the lock and locked me away forever.

3. Two types of Appositives  The information has to be in the sentence.  The sentence does not make sense without this information.  The information does not have to be in the sentence.  The writer has made the choice to add the information because he/she feels it is good for style, the purpose, or some other reason. EssentialExtra (Non-essential)

4. Punctuation  Punctuation depends on which of the two types of Appositives are being used.  If essential  Does not require commas  If extra (non-essential)  Does require commas

5. Examples  The popular US president John Kennedy was known for his eloquent and inspirational speeches.  Notice the lack of commas  John Kennedy, the popular US president, was known for his eloquent and inspirational speeches.  Notice the commas separating the phrase “the popular US president” EssentialExtra (Non-Essential)

6. ?’s to ask yourself A.Where is the appositive? B.What noun is it describing? C.Is the information essential or extra? D.How do I punctuate the phrase?

7. Let’s do one together  A hot-tempered tennis player Robbie charged the umpire and tried to crack the poor man's skull with a racket. A.Where is the appositive? B.What noun is it describing? C.Is the information essential or extra? D.How do I punctuate the phrase?

8. Quiz Time!  http://www.eslbee.com/cgi- bin/quiztest.cgi?appositives http://www.eslbee.com/cgi- bin/quiztest.cgi?appositives  http://depts.dyc.edu/learningcenter/owl/exercises /comma_placement_ex5.htm http://depts.dyc.edu/learningcenter/owl/exercises /comma_placement_ex5.htm

9. Works Cited  OWL Purude Online Writing Lab. Appositives. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/596/0 1/. The Writing Lab & The Owl at Purdue and Purdue University. 2013. http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/596/0 1/  Robin L. Simmons. The Appositive. http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/appositive.htm. 2013. http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/appositive.htm. 2013  Grammar Girl. Appositives. http://grammar.quickanddirtytips.com/appositives. aspx. 2009. Macmillian Holdings, LLC. http://grammar.quickanddirtytips.com/appositives. aspx. 2009