1. Classification of Species
Taxonomy- STUDENT
Classification of Species

2. Classify the following words into 3 groups.
Apple Packers Eggplant Eagles
Giants Cucumber Pineapple Saints
Pepper Banana Mango Onion

3. Classification
grouping of information or objects based on _____________________
Taxonomy
Science of ____________________
_______________________________
Taxonomists = scientists who give each species a unique name

4. Scientific Names
Come from one of two “dead” languages- Latin or ancient Greek.
Why would we use a dead language?

5. What does the term binomial nomenclature mean to you?
Why is it beneficial to have a consistent naming system and avoid using common names?
What does the term binomial nomenclature mean to you?
1. To eliminate confusion and provide a universal language to speak about organisms

6. Binomial Nomenclature
A two-part scientific naming system for organisms
Part one: _______
(capitalized)
Part two: _______

7. Binomial Nomenclature
Based on Latin
Always written in _________ if typed or ________________ if written by hand

8. Guess as many common names as you can.
Camelus dromedarius
Felis domesticus
Canis lupis
Homo sapien
Giraffa camelopardalis
6. Panthera leo
7. Panthera tigris
8. Diceros bicornis
9. Bubo scandiacus
10. Equus Caballus
11. Wunderpus photogenicus

9. Guess as many common names as you can.
_______
6. _______
7. _______
8. _______
9. _______
10. _______
11. _______

10. Check 4 Understanding scaptia beyonce Heerz lukenatcha
Explain what is wrong with the following scientific names:
scaptia beyonce
Heerz lukenatcha
chewbacca (species) Polemistus (genus)
Humphrey Boghart anyone?

11. 3 Domains
Domains are the largest level of classification for organisms in the modern world.
Includes:
__________ (ancient single celled organisms)
___________
___________ (organisms with a nucleus -> basically everything else)

12. Archaea _____________________ _______________________
(hydrothermal vents, Dead Sea, Antarctic ice & hot springs)
Some of the _____________
_________________ on Earth
Microscopic

13. 2. Bacteria __________________
Some are beneficial and some cause _________
Microscopic

14. 3. Eukarya
Contain a nucleus
(4 Kingdoms):
___________

15. Check 4 Understanding
What are the 3 domains? Give one characteristic for each domain.

16. Carl Linnaeus
Father of Taxonomy- Created the scientific classification system still in use today
His system has _______ levels that range from very ____________ to very ______________.

17. Each level is included in level above it.
_______________ Very Broad
_______________
_______________ Very Specific

18. How to remember? King Phillip Came Over For Green Soup

19. Your way of Remembering:
K________________
P________________
C________________
O________________
F________________
G________________
S________________

20. Classification for Lion
Kingdom: Animalia (animal kingdom)
Phylum: Chordata (Vertebrates)
Class: Mammalia (mammals)
Order: Carnivora (carnivores)
Family: Felidae (cats)
Genus: Panthera
Species: leo
Scientific Name: Panthera leo

21. Check 4 Understanding List the 7 levels of classification. 1. 6. 2. 7. 3. 4. 5.

22. C4U
Broadest level:
___________________
2. Most Specific Level:

23. C4U More species: ______________ Group of species: ____________
Group of phyla: ____________
Group of orders: ____________
Class (broad)
Genus
Kingdom
Class

24. Limitations of Linnaean System
Linnaeus taxonomy doesn’t account for _____
____________ (didn’t have the technology).
Linnaeus based his system only on ________
________________________________.
Doesn’t always mean they are closed related. DNA shows a closer evolutionary relationship than physical characterists.
Actually called cryptic species (look alike but not related).

25. Black Bear Domestic Cat Lion Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class
Mammalia
Order
Carnivora
Family
Ursidae
Felidae
Genus
Ursus
Felis
Panthera
Species
americanus
domesticus
leo
Have students answer the questions on the following slide.

26. 1. Which of the 3 organisms are most closely related? How do you know?
_____________________________

27. 2. At what level do black bears and lions separate? ___________________
3. At what level do lions and house cats separate? _________________

28. Horned Owl Spectacled Owl Snowy Owl Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata
Class
Aves
Order
Strigiformes
Family
Strigidae
Genus
Bubo
Pulsatrix
Species
virginianus
perspicillata
scandiacus
Have students answer the questions on the following slide.

29. 1. Which of the 3 organisms are most closely related? How do you know?
_____________________________

30. 2. At what level do horned owls and spectacled owls separate?
___________________
3. At what level do snowy owls and horned owls separate? _________________

31. Dichotomous Key Purpose: _________________________
__________________________________
Presented with a sequence of choices between two statements based on characteristics of the organism. By always making the correct choice, the name of the organism will be revealed.

32. Example:
Does the organism have:
One pair of wings
Two pairs of wings

34. Cladistics
determines evolutionary relationships by grouping species on the basis of shared characteristics
Clade: group of species that share a set of characteristics
_______________

35. 3 Assumptions about Cladistics
Organisms within a group are descended from a__________
________________.
There is a bifurcating pattern (divides something into 2 branches).
Basically, changes in characteristics cause new species to arise.

36. 3. Change in characteristics occurs in lineages over time → Takes time for organisms to change.
Point of Cladistics: Determining the _______________________________ of different species
Change/evolve over long periods of time which allow us to separate them into different groups.

37. Questions: What do both the chimpanzee and the hamster have in common
Questions: What do both the chimpanzee and the hamster have in common? (fur/mammary glands) Chimp and lizard? (claws/nails) Hamster and salamander? (lungs)

38. Analyzing Cladograms
What do both the chimpanzee and the hamster have in common? _________________________
Chimp and lizard? _____________________
Hamster and salamander? ________________