1. © Copyright Niels E. Hoffmann Today’s presentation 1.Foreign Policy of the EC/EU during the break-up of Yugoslavia 1.Introduction in the foreign policy of the EC/EU. 2.The role of the EC/EU in the break-up of Yugoslavia 3.Underlaying conflicting principles 2.EU after Dayton 1.Objective 2.Underlaying mechanisms 3.Conclusion / Questions

2. © Copyright Niels E. Hoffmann 1.European Community / European Union -European Union foreign policy, -European Political Cooperation (EPC) to a Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) -The Machinery of the EPC -regular meeting to co-ordinate national stance towards particular issues -Troika

3. © Copyright Niels E. Hoffmann 1.Foreign Policy of the EC/EU during the break-up of Yugoslavia -The main institution at the time was the CSCE / OSCE. -European Union troika, Denmark, Netherlands and Luxemburg -EC approach was marked with reluctance and without a clear purpose -EU/EC Instruments, The main diplomatic tool the EC had in its foreign policy was the recognition of independence due to the absence of a credible military threat..

4. © Copyright Niels E. Hoffmann 1.Foreign Policy of the EC/EU during the break-up of Yugoslavia H E L S I N K I D E C A L O G U E 1.Sovereign equality, respect for the rights inherent in sovereignty 3.Inviolability of frontiers 4.Territorial integrity of States 6.Non-intervention in internal affairs 7.Respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms including the freedom of thought, conscience, religion or belief 8.Equal rights and self-determination of peoples

5. © Copyright Niels E. Hoffmann 1.Foreign Policy of the EC/EU during the break-up of Yugoslavia - Elements that contributed to the weak performance Historical context The collapse of communist rule Maastricht treaty - Weakness of the EPC mechanism Conflicting fundamental principles Lack of Instruments - Different national interests

6. © Copyright Niels E. Hoffmann 1.EU involvement after Dayton EU Regional approach. Focus on implementation of the Dayton peace agreements 1999 European Union initiative, Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe Aim: -to strengthen co-operation between the countries. -Streamline existing efforts

7. © Copyright Niels E. Hoffmann Questions ? Contact info: Niels E. Hoffmann Niels.hoffmann@aegee.org +31 652 380 810