2. Classification of Living Things A guide to Chapter 4

3. Click on each section: History of Classification Classification Today The Domains & Kingdoms

4. History of Classification Classification is the grouping of things according to similar characteristics. Biological classifications systems name and organize living things in a logical, meaningful way. Taxonomy is the science of classification.

5. The First Classification Systems: Aristotle a Greek philosopher in 400BC created a system to classify living things. He divided living things into plants and animals. Then grouped animals by how they move. Aristotle Carolus Linnaeus a Swedish scientist in the 1800’s developed the system we use today. Carolus Linnaeus

6. Linnaeus’ Classification System Binomial Nomenclature: The naming system developed by Linnaeus. Each organism is given two names. Genus: Like your last name. Always capitalized and in italics. Species: Like your first name. Always lower cased and in italics. Canis lupus is a wolf.

7. Aristotle’s Classification System

8. Classification Today Today’s classification system is based on Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution. Internal and external structures. Advances in technology help us better observe organisms. It gives each organism a unique named used all over the world. All living things are classified into 8 groups.

9. Eight Major Groups

10. New Classification Cart

11. The Domains & Kingdoms of Bacteria (Monera)

12. The Four Kingdoms of Domain Eukarya

13. Domains Archaea & Bacteria Bacteria Unicellular (one-celled organism) Prokaryotes: No Nucleus Either Autotrophs : Self- food (can make own food) Or Heterotrophs: Other-food (can’t make own food) Earliest life forms on Earth (3.5 billion years ago). Once called Monerans

14. Protists Unicellular Eukaryotes: Have a nucleus Can be either Autotrophs or Heterotrophs. Several million years old.

15. Fungi Multicellular organisms (many cells). Mushrooms, molds and yeast. Heterotrophs Eukaryotes

16. Plants Multicellular Autotrophs Flowering plants, mosses, ferns, and algae. Eukaryotes

17. Animals Multicellular Have tissues, organs and organ systems. Heterotrophs. Eukaryotes

18. The End Developed by Mrs. Scibelli Exploring Life Science Prentice Hall