1. QUALITY OF WATER By Abdullah class xii

2. Water Pollution: Many Forms Disease: In developing nations, 80% of diseases are water-related. Disease: In developing nations, 80% of diseases are water-related. Synthetic Organic Compounds Synthetic Organic Compounds Inorganic Compounds & Mineral Substances such as Acids, etc. Inorganic Compounds & Mineral Substances such as Acids, etc. Radioactive substances Radioactive substances Oxygen-demanding wastes Oxygen-demanding wastes Plant Nutrients Plant Nutrients Sediments Sediments Thermal Discharges Thermal Discharges

3. Point Sources Single large source Single large source Can localize it to one spot Can localize it to one spot –Industrial Plants - Sewage pipes

4. Point Source - Example LUST - Leaky Underground Storage Tanks LUST - Leaky Underground Storage Tanks 22% of the 1.2 million UST are LUST 22% of the 1.2 million UST are LUST

5. Non-point Sources Non-point Sources Diffuse source or many smaller point sources Automobiles Automobiles Fertilizer on fields Fertilizer on fields

6. Water Pollution: Many Forms Disease: In developing nations, 80% of diseases are water-related. Disease: In developing nations, 80% of diseases are water-related. Synthetic Organic Compounds Synthetic Organic Compounds Inorganic Compounds & Mineral Substances such as Acids, etc. Inorganic Compounds & Mineral Substances such as Acids, etc. Radioactive substances Radioactive substances Oxygen-demanding wastes Oxygen-demanding wastes Plant Nutrients Plant Nutrients Sediments Sediments Thermal Discharges Thermal Discharges

7. Forms of Pollution – Details Inorganic – acids, salts, toxic metals Inorganic – acids, salts, toxic metals One gram of lead in 20,000 liters of water makes it unfit for drinking. Lead is often found in the pipes of older homes One gram of lead in 20,000 liters of water makes it unfit for drinking. Lead is often found in the pipes of older homes What is the safe drinking water limit for arsenic? For lead? How much does UA water supply have? What is the safe drinking water limit for arsenic? For lead? How much does UA water supply have?

8. What constitutes quality drinking water? Free of pollutants Free of pollutants Tastes good Tastes good –Want Sodium Bicarbonate and Calcium Sulfate in same concentrations as found in saliva –10 o C –As little chlorination as possible Calcium & magnesium account for most water hardness, death rates (cardiovascular disease) higher in soft water areas than in hard water areas Calcium & magnesium account for most water hardness, death rates (cardiovascular disease) higher in soft water areas than in hard water areas Copper needed to absorb & metabolism iron, but >1mg/liter makes water unpalatable Copper needed to absorb & metabolism iron, but >1mg/liter makes water unpalatable Does taste correlate with presence of toxic compounds? Does taste correlate with presence of toxic compounds?