2. A network of regulatory interactions governed by Hfq.
Hfq has been shown to bind each of the ncRNA (circled) and mRNAs (outer ring) facilitating
the post-transcriptional gene regulation that responds to the indicated environmental stress.
From the Feig Laboratory
Wayne State University WEB Page

3. From the Feig Laboratory Wayne State University WEB Page
Generic model through which regulatory ncRNAs can relieve
translational repression of a complementary mRNA through
strand displacement. Equivalent models can be used
to explain translational repression as well.
Secondary structures of DsrA (top) and rpoS mRNA 5'-UTR
(bottom) The color coding of DsrA indicates the accepted
domain structure. For rpoS, the open reading fram is shown
in green and the region complementary to DsrA
(bases in DsrA) is shown in lavender.
From the Feig Laboratory
Wayne State University WEB Page

4. Principle of pyrosequencing

13. How to detect the gene expression?
(1)　Northern Blot analysis
(2)　Primer extension analysis　
(3)　S1 nuclease mapping
(4)　Nuclease protection assay
(5)　RT-PCR
(6)　Large-scale cDNA sequencing
(7) 　Microarray analysis
(8) 　5’-, 3’- RACE (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends)
(9) 　Reporter gene assay

14. Northern Blot Hybridization

15. Figure 4.12. Southern hybridization.
(A) Transfer of DNA from the gel to the membrane.
(B) The membrane is probed with a radioactively labeled DNA
molecule. On the resulting autoradiograph, one hybridizing
band is seen in lane 2, and two in lane 3.

16. Primer Extension Analysis

17. S1 Nuclease
Mapping Analysis

18. Reporter Gene Assay Gene Gene product Assay lacZ β-galactosidase
Histochemical test
uidA
β-glucuronidase
lux
Luciferase
Bioluminescence
GFP
Green fluorescent protein
Fluorescence
Reporter Gene Assay

19. Luciferase gene
Luciferase Activity
(Promega)

20. PITX2-LACZ Staining of mouse embryo day 11 PITX2: bicoid-related
transcription factor