1. Unit 5: The New South: The End of Reconstruction
SS8H7.a Evaluate the impact the Bourbon Triumvirate, Henry Grady, International Cotton Exposition, Tom Watson and the Populists, Rebecca Latimer Felton, the 1906 Atlanta Riot, the Leo Frank Case, and the county unit system had on Georgia during this period

2. Lesson 1

3. End of Republican Rule in Georgia
In 1868, the Republican party gained control of the GA government
Rufus B. Bullock was elected governor; wanted equal rights for African Americans
In 1870, the Democrats regained control of Georgia’s government

4. Bourbon Triumvirate From 1872 to 1890
Alfred Colquitt, Joseph Brown, and John Gordon
Wanted Georgia’s economy to be industrialized, not based solely on agriculture
The cotton textile industry grew (production cottonseed oil, cattle feed, and fertilizer)

5. Henry Grady
Journalist from Georgia who was called the “Spokesman of the New South.”
promoted industry and crop diversification as a means to help the economy in Georgia
Spoke about unity and trust between the North and South

6. International Cotton Exposition
Held in Atlanta in 1881
A fair to bring money to Atlanta’s cotton textile business
Sugar, rice, and tobacco were shown also
Atlanta became known as the center of the New South

7. Thomas Watson and the Populists
A political party formed in Georgia
Upset b/c they were not prospering due to high railway fees and expensive loans
Led by Thomas Watson (became more powerful than the Democrats)

8. Rebecca Latimer Felton
A writer, teacher, and reformer
Supporter of women’s suffrage, the right to vote
Helped women win the right to vote
At age 87, she became the first woman to serve in the U.S. Senate in 1922

9. The 1906 Atlanta Riot
A string of violent events by whites against African Americans
Dozens of African Americans were killed and many more were wounded
Began because of stories of African American men attacking white women
Tension increased because of competition between African Americans and whites for jobs
Whites were worried that the African American upper class was becoming too powerful
Atlanta Riot

10. Leo Frank Case
Leo Frank was a Jewish man from Georgia who was lynched by a mob because of anti-Semitism (a belief system against Jewish people)
Accused of murdering a young girl employee
The governor of GA, John Slaton, reviewed Frank’s case and decided he was innocent
Leo Frank Case

11. County Unit System Established in 1917
Way of giving votes in primary elections
Unit votes: certain number of votes given to each county
Counties divided in three categories: urban, town, and rural
County system was eventually abolished

12. Lesson 2

13. Jim Crow South
The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments increased the rights of African Americans after the Civil War

14. Jim Crow Laws
Mandated the segregation of African Americans and whites

15. Plessy v. Ferguson Homer Plessy and a railroad company in Louisiana
The court ruled that segregation was not against the Constitution a.k.a. “separate but equal”

16. Disenfranchisement The act of denying a person the right to vote
Accomplished by poll taxes, property tests, and literacy tests
Racial Violence
Race riots and KKK violence

17. Lesson 3

18. Civil Rights Advocates
Booker T. Washington
A man who was born into slavery, raised during the Reconstruction Period, and was educated in a Freedmen’s Bureau School
He felt racial equality for blacks would come gradually and for the time being African Americans should embrace and take pride in common jobs such as mechanics and farming
He delivered a famous speech known as the Atlanta Compromise

19. Civil Rights Advocates
W.E.B. Du Bois
He did not agree with accomodationism
Was not satisfied with racial equality coming gradually
Founded the Niagara Movement
Wrote a book called The Souls of Black Folk

20. Civil Rights Advocates
John and Lugenia Burns Hope
Black educators that played a role in Civil Rights for African Americans
Helped educated Black people
He was president of Morehouse College in Atlanta

21. Civil Rights Advocates
Alonzo Herndon
Owned many barbershops throughout Atlanta
Owned the Atlanta Life Insurance Company
An entrepreneur and civil rights leader

22. Lesson 4

23. World War I
The immediate cause of World War I was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary

24. World War I
Causes included ethnic and ideological conflicts, nationalism, and political and economic rivalries

25. World War I
Ethnic group is a group of people that shares a common and distinctive culture
An ideology is a system of ideas that guides individuals, social movements, or groups of people
Nationalism is devotion and loyalty to one’s own ethnic background or country of origin
BrainPop – World War I

26. Georgia’s Contributions during WWI
America declared war on April 6, 1917
Over 100,000 Georgian men and women contributed to the Allied victory
Georgia was a key state for the U.S. military
Georgia had more military training camps than any other state in the country (over 12); the largest was Camp Gordon completed in 1917 and was located in Chamblee, GA
Camp Gordon trained a famous division of soldiers known as the Eighty-second All-American Division
**WWI was the first war that used airplanes as weapons

27. Lesson 5

28. Drought and the Great Depression
Cotton has always been an important crop in Georgia
The boll weevil is a small beetle that puncture cotton buds and destroys the crop; insecticides cannot kill boll weevils

29. Drought and the Great Depression
Droughts and a combination of exhausted soil from overuse and the boll weevil forced many farmers to leave their farms

30. The Great Depression
When the economy is at a high point, it is called a peak
A low point in the economy is called a trough
When a trough is extreme, the economy is said to be in a depression
during times of depression, unemployment is high and people cannot afford many goods and services
BrainPop – Great Depression

31. The Great Depression
Worst depression in the United States occurred in the 1930s
The era preceding the depression is known as the Roaring Twenties

32. The Stock Market Crash October 29, 1929 A.k.a “Black Tuesday”
The period of over 10 years in which the economy was slow, unemployment was high and everyone suffered in known as the Great Depression
BrainPop – Causes of the Great Depression

33. Lesson 6

34. Eugene Talmadge
Began his career as the Commissioner of Agriculture for the state of Georgia
Was elected as governor of Georgia for 4 terms; died before he could serve the 4th term
Overruled state legislature by invoking an executive order
An executive order is an act by a governor or president that does not have to be approved by legislature
BrainPop – New Deal

35. Lesson 7

36. The New Deal
Herbert Hoover was president at the beginning of the Great Depression
President Franklin D. Roosevelt set up a national plan called the New Deal in 1933
The New Deal was an attempt at fixing the economy

37. Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)
The purpose of the act was to raise the price of staple crops by limiting supply

38. Rural Electrification Administration (REA)
Created in 1935; signed in 1936
Created an agency that provided loans to states; the loans were to improve electric service to rural areas

39. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Was a New Deal relief program that created jobs for thousands of young men, most of who were veterans of World War I

40. Works Progress Administration (WPA)
Created in 1935
Provided jobs for people
Largest relief program in U.S. history

41. Social Security Act Passed by Congress in 1935
Provided two social insurance programs
The first was a system of old-age benefits for retiring workers, which would support them monetarily when they could no longer work
Offered insurance for the unemployed and disabled

42. The New Deal
The New Deal gave those who suffered the most during the Depression security and power.