1. South America Northern Tropics Andean Countries Southern Grasslands

2. Northern Tropics The Guianas The Guianas Guyana, Suriname and French GuianaGuyana, Suriname and French Guiana Share: rainforest, coastal plains Share: rainforest, coastal plains Differences: human characteristics Differences: human characteristics Language: Guyana-EnglishLanguage: Guyana-English Suriname-Dutch Suriname-Dutch French Guiana-French French Guiana-French

3. Northern Tropics Migration Effects Migration Effects Ethnic variationsEthnic variations Southeast Asia, Africa, European Southeast Asia, Africa, European Guyana 2 main groupsGuyana 2 main groups Asian decent ½ population Asian decent ½ population African ancestry 43% African ancestry 43% Suriname 50% Asian decent 30% Mulatto- African and other ancestry French Guyana similar to Guyana

4. Venezuela Leader: Hugo Chavez Elected 1998 Poorest nation in South America Avg $3,530/yr. 70% of population in poverty. Rich in natural resouces OIL OIL OIL 5 th largest exporter in the world Leader Chavez wants to nationalize oil anti U.S.-ties with Iran Socialist Government-ties with Cuba

5. Colombia Named for Christopher Columbus Economy: single (legal) cash crop--- COFFEE!!!! U.S. concerns: Drug Trade (cocaine) brings 2x as much money as coffee Large division between rich and poor leading to many civil wars

6. The Andean Countries Ecuador Peru Bolivia Chile Manchu Picchu-Peru Incan ruin Native Indian cultures make up 25-55% of populations Inca empire fell to Spanish in 1500’s

7. Andean Countries Economy: Vertical Trade- Trading up and down between villages. People at different elevation grow different crops. Lake Titicaca Tourism- The Uros Islands

8. Export Trade Santiago, Chile Peruvian hats Chilean fruits and wine

9. Southern Grasslands Paraguay Uruguay Argentina Argentina Beef Uruguay- few exports primarily-cattle grazing Must import most consumer goods Buenos Aires