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47 Beginning of the chapter

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Presentation on theme: "47 Beginning of the chapter"— Presentation transcript:

1 47 Beginning of the chapter
Lactose intolerance and genetics (Lactose Sensor)

2 SENSORS LACTOSE SENSOR Lactose intolerance

3 Lactose (in)tolerance
GENETICS Lactose (in)tolerance Lactose cannot be directly absorbed in the intestine Glucose GLU LACTOSE The lactase enzyme breaks down lactose into smaller parts GAL Galactose GLU GAL Lactase gene

4 Lactose (in)tolerance
GENETICS Lactose (in)tolerance GLU LACTOSE GAL LACTOSE GLU GAL Age++ Lactase gene

5 Lactose (in)tolerance
GENETICS Lactose (in)tolerance 1 of 6 people: the lactase enzyme is gradually switched off Moderate symptoms Severe symptoms Mild symptoms Lactase enzyme Lactose intolerance Age (years)

6 Lactose (in)tolerance
GENETICS Lactose (in)tolerance GLU LACTOSE GAL LACTOSE GLU SNP GAL Age++ Lactase gene

7 Lactose (in)tolerance
GENETICS Lactose (in)tolerance 5 of 6 people: the lactase enzyme is constantly produced 1 of 6 people: the lactose enzyme is gradually switched off Moderate symptoms Severe symptoms Mild symptoms Lactase enzyme Lactose intolerance Age (years)

8 Lactose (in)tolerance Genetic variation originated in an European
GENETICS Lactose (in)tolerance Genetic variation originated in an European

9 Lactose (in)tolerance Shortage of food caused the death of many people
GENETICS Lactose (in)tolerance Shortage of food caused the death of many people

10 Lactose (in)tolerance
GENETICS Lactose (in)tolerance Milk as an additional food source = survival advantage

11 Lactose (in)tolerance
GENETICS Lactose (in)tolerance Lactose tolerant Lactose intolerant

12 Lactose (in)tolerance
GENETICS Lactose (in)tolerance Lactose tolerant Lactose intolerant

13 Various forms of lactose intolerance
LACTOSE SENSOR Various forms of lactose intolerance Primary lactose intolerance 20% of people Occurs with increasing age Secondary lactose intolerance Acquired (non-genetic) Disease / intestinal damage Congenital lactose intolerance Genetic variation in the lactase gene Very rare Occurs in newborns Milk protein allergy 3% of babies Lactase gene Age++ GLU GAL Lactase gene Age++

14 What is the relationship between age and lactose intolerance?
LACTOSE SENSOR What is the relationship between age and lactose intolerance? PRIMARY BABY Sensor Congenital LACTOSE SENSOR MILK ALLERGY ALLERGY SENSOR SECONDARY LACTOSE INTOLERANCE Standard lactose intolerance (breath) test

15 Lactose intolerance and genetics
47 End of the chapter Lactose intolerance and genetics (Lactose Sensor)

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