1. Proteins in the cells What happens in the cells?PhenotypeDiagrams of the cells All of the lactase proteins are functional Half of the lactase proteins are functional; Half of the lactase proteins are nonfunctional All of the lactase proteins are nonfunctional Proteins in the cells What happens in the cells?PhenotypeDiagrams of the cells All of the pigment enzyme proteins are functional Half of the pigment enzyme proteins are functional; Half of the pigment enzyme proteins are nonfunctional All of the pigment enzyme proteins are nonfunctional functional lactase lactose glucose nonfunctional lactase lactose The enzyme lactase breaks lactose into glucose (draw proteins here) functional pigment enzyme colorless molecule red pigment The pigment enzyme changes a colorless molecule to a red pigment molecule nonfunctional pigment enzyme colorless molecule (draw proteins here)

2. Proteins in the cells What happens in the cells?PhenotypeDiagrams of the cells All of the TSR receptor proteins are functional Half of the TSR receptor proteins are functional; Half of the TSR receptor proteins are nonfunctional All of the TSR receptor proteins are nonfunctional Proteins in the cells What happens in the cells?PhenotypeDiagrams of the cells All of the MAO enzyme proteins are fully functional (fast) Half of the MAO enzyme proteins are fully functional (fast); Half of the MAO enzyme proteins are partially functional (slow) All of the MAO enzyme proteins are partially functional (slow) The TSR receptor protein sticks to bitter molecules and signals bitter taste (draw proteins here) fully functional MAO enzyme (fast) serotonin other molecule The MAO enzyme changes serotonin so it does not work partially functional MAO enzyme (slow) (draw proteins here) functional TSR receptor bitter molecule nonfunctional TSR receptor bitter molecule serotonin other molecule

3. GenotypesWhat proteins are in the cells?Diagrams of the cells GenotypesWhat proteins are in the cells?Diagrams of the cells Two alleles exist for the lactase gene: (draw proteins here) Two alleles exist for the pigment enzyme gene: (draw proteins here) Allele #1 = functional lactase Allele #2 = nonfunctional lactase Allele #1 = nonfunctional lactase Allele #2 = nonfunctional lactase Allele codes for functional lactase Allele codes for nonfunctional lactase Allele #1 = functional lactase Allele #2 = functional lactase Allele codes for functional pigment enzyme Allele codes for nonfunctional pigment enzyme Allele #2 = nonfunctional pigment enzyme Allele #1 = nonfunctional pigment enzyme Allele #2 = nonfunctional pigment enzyme Allele #1 = functional pigment enzyme Allele #2 = functional pigment enzyme Allele #1 = functional pigment enzyme

4. GenotypesWhat proteins are in the cells?Diagrams of the cells GenotypesWhat proteins are in the cells?Diagrams of the cells Two alleles exist for the TSR taste receptor gene: (draw proteins here) Two alleles exist for the MAO enzyme gene: (draw proteins here) Allele codes for functional TSR receptor protein Allele codes for nonfunctional TSR receptor protein Allele codes for fully functional MAO enzyme (fast) Allele codes for partially functional MAO enzyme (slow) Allele #2 = partially functional MAO enzyme (slow) Allele #1 = partially functional MAO enzyme (slow) Allele #2 = partially functional MAO enzyme (slow) Allele #1 = fully functional MAO enzyme (fast) Allele #2 = fully functional MAO enzyme (fast) Allele #1 = fully functional MAO enzyme (fast) Allele #2 = nonfunctional TSR receptor protein Allele #1 = nonfunctional TSR receptor protein Allele #2 = nonfunctional TSR receptor protein Allele #1 = functional TSR receptor protein Allele #2 = functional TSR receptor protein Allele #1 = functional TSR receptor protein