1. ENZYMES Who cares?

2. ENZYMES  speed up chemical reactions  put chemicals together (synthesis reactions)  break chemicals apart (decomposition)

3. CHEMICAL REACTIONS Like….

4. CELL RESPIRATION

5. PHOTOSYNTHESIS

6. FERMENTATION C 6 H 12 O 6 CH 3 CH 2 OH + CO 2 + ATP glucoseethanol

7. ENZYMES ARE PROTEINS  Organic molecules  Made up of amino acids  Proteins are coded for by genes made of DNA

8. ENZYMES

9.  Enzymes have a particular shape designed for their substrate  Only work at certain pH or temperature ENZYMES ARE SPECIFIC

10. THE ENZYME HALL OF FAME Powerful proteins!

11. LACTASE

12.  Breaks down the sugar lactose into simple sugars  Lactose is the sugar in milk LACTASE

13.  Artificial form of lactase  Taken in pill or drop form by those who are “lactose intolerant”  Those who do not synthesize enough lactase LACTAID

14. SUCRASE

15. AMYLASE Alpha-amylase Glucoamylase

16. THE ROLE OF AMYLASE

17.  Found in plants and algae  Takes CO 2 molecules and combines them into glucose  Most abundant enzyme on Earth RUBISCO

18.  Breaks down large molecules into small molecules  Small molecules like glucose can be absorbed into the blood  Large molecules like starch are too big to be absorbed DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

19. PHOTOSYNTHESIS

20. THE SITE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS: THE CHLOROPLAST