1. CE 303: Introduction to Construction Blueprint Lab

3. Objectives An Overview of Residential Wood Framing: We will look at framing components for… Floors Floors Walls Walls Roofs Roofs Stairs Stairs

4. Floor Frames Sill Plate Sill Plate Attached atop surface of foundation wallAttached atop surface of foundation wall Connected with anchor bolts in the concreteConnected with anchor bolts in the concrete Header Header Nailed to top of sill plateNailed to top of sill plate Larger cross-sectional dimension goes in the vertical directionLarger cross-sectional dimension goes in the vertical direction Same size members as joistsSame size members as joists

5. Floor Frames (continued) Joists Joists Ends rest on sill plateEnds rest on sill plate Connected to headerConnected to header Normally spaced 12”-16” apartNormally spaced 12”-16” apart Subfloor Subfloor Covers joists and headersCovers joists and headers Usually a sheet material; e.g. plywoodUsually a sheet material; e.g. plywood Covered by finished floorCovered by finished floor

7. Wall Frame Types Platform Platform Most widely usedMost widely used Each floor is built separately on the floor below itEach floor is built separately on the floor below it Balloon Balloon Not widely used anymoreNot widely used anymore Studs extend from the 1 st floor to the highest floorStuds extend from the 1 st floor to the highest floor Unbroken walls allow fires to spread quicklyUnbroken walls allow fires to spread quickly

10. Wall Frame Types (continued) Plank and Beam (Post and Beam) Heavy timber posts are used in walls Heavy timber posts are used in walls 2” thick planks support the floors and roof 2” thick planks support the floors and roof Benefits Benefits Fewer support members are usedFewer support members are used Can create more aesthetically pleasing designsCan create more aesthetically pleasing designs

12. Wall Frame components Sole plate Sole plate Nailed horizontally to subfloorNailed horizontally to subfloor Serves as a base for the wall frame studsServes as a base for the wall frame studs Same size members as studsSame size members as studs Studs Studs Vertical membersVertical members Extend from sole plate to top plateExtend from sole plate to top plate

13. Wall Frame components (cont.) Top plate Top plate Rests above studsRests above studs Supports next level of building (either the next floor or the roof)Supports next level of building (either the next floor or the roof) Header Header Placed above door and window areasPlaced above door and window areas Distributes weight where studs cannot be usedDistributes weight where studs cannot be used

15. Roof Frames Rafter Rafter Angled memberAngled member Supports weight of roofSupports weight of roof Ridge board Ridge board Horizontal member at roof’s peakHorizontal member at roof’s peak Connects the upper ends of each rafterConnects the upper ends of each rafter Collar beam Collar beam Connects rafters horizontallyConnects rafters horizontally Increases stabilityIncreases stability

17. Stair Frames Stringer Stringer Angled member running between floorsAngled member running between floors Supports stairsSupports stairs Tread Tread Horizontal memberHorizontal member Forms the flat surface that you walk onForms the flat surface that you walk on

18. Stair Frames (continued) Riser Riser Vertical memberVertical member Provides elevation change from step to stepProvides elevation change from step to step Winders Winders Modifications in design that change direction of stairway (L, U, spiral…)Modifications in design that change direction of stairway (L, U, spiral…) Conserve spaceConserve space