1. Population Homework Page 14 Wide base/high BR, due to tradition of having large families, lack of family planning, limited knowledge/access to birth control, need children to work land/look after old age parents. Pyramid narrows quickly/ High IMR+DR and low life expectancy. Due to lack of medical care, overcrowding, malnutrition and disease. Greater no. of females- certainly in older age groups, reflects longer female life expectancy.

2. Population Homework Page 15 Case Study, Turks to Germany Push factors; lack of job opportunities, natural disasters, poverty, lack of land etc.. Pull factors; labour shortage in Germany leads to high job availability, higher wages, ability to send money home, improved living standards, education, healthcare. Assess out of 8

3. Population Homework Page 16 (a)Description should be detailed and include names of countries and figures. (b)See previous answer.

4. Population Homework Page 17 (a)The trend of an aging population could be due to improvements in; Housing Diet Welfare Lifestyle Healthcare Medical advances The reduction in younger age groups is due to; desire for smaller class sizes Improved female education and employment opportunites. Assess out of 5.

5. Population Homework (b) Greater provision of geriatric care, increased costs/strain on healthcare Decline in economically active, so taxes need to increase to pay for pensions etc.. Raise in qualifying age to receive pension- resentment Less demand for children's services, unemployment Shortage of skilled workers Burden on only children Assess out of 5