1. Using Collaboration in Performance Tasks

2. Background Collaboration in C.S. Principles ●Curriculum Framework ○ Computational Thinking Practice ○ Learning Objectives ●Performance Task

3. Computational Thinking Practice Students are expected to: ●Collaborate with another student in solving a computational problem; ●Share the workload by providing individual contributions to overall collaborative effort; ●Foster a constructive collaborative climate by resolving conflicts and facilitating the contributions of a partner;

4. Collaboration in Learning Objectives L.O. 1.2.4 Collaborate in the creation of computational artifacts. L.O. 3.1.2 Collaborate when processing information to gain insight and knowledge. L.O. 5.1.3 Collaborate to develop a program.

5. Collaboration in Performance Tasks students are required to: ●work in pairs to create artifact & written report ●work individually to create artifact and report ●write individual reflection describing collaborative process

6. C.S. Benefits of Collaboration ●students learn marketable skills ●challenges negative stereotypes about C.S. ●class appeals to a wider audience ●increases interest in C.S.

7. Educational Benefits ●Enhanced Learning ●makes class more engaging ●Fewer Mistakes/Common Problems ●Reduces Reliance on Instructor ●Students keep one another on task

8. Collaboration Challenges ●Student Misconceptions about Collaboration o Divide and Conquer Strategy for Group Work o Grade Anxiety ●C.S.P. Instructors must refrain from any: o coaching of students o provision of any formative feedback to students o once students begin Performance Tasks

9. Strategies for Collaboration ●creating environment that fosters and supports collaboration o Peer Reviews o Peer Instruction o Class Discussion Forum ●De-emphasizing Grades/Ranking/Competition

10. Learning about Collaboration ●Experiential Learning Activities o help students understand skills needed ●Specific Examples: o Broken Circles o realsearchgroup.org/pairlearning/ Resources for Educators →Collaboration Exercise

11. Pair Programming ●What is Pair Programming? o Driver o Navigator ●What it is NOT

12. How to Pair Students ●Instructor Assigned Pairs o Criteria Based  Experience/Aptitude/Motivation  Affinity/Interests ●Student Selected Pairs ●Guided Student Choice

13. Pair Programming Implementation ●Pair Early ●Video or Live Demonstrations ●Handouts ●Posters ●Reflections

17. Adapting Pair Programming ●Approach can be used with Data ●Software tools are different ●Roles, Rules and Procedures are the same

18. Assessment Ideas ●Fairness in Grading Practices ●Participation Points ●Feedback on Reflections ●Quizzes ●Individual Assignments

19. Summary & Conclusions ●student needs for Performance Task success ●Learn How to Collaborate o using a formal structured approach ●Practice Collaborating o early in course o before starting Performance Task ●Reflect upon and write about Collaboration

20. References ●csprinciples.org: o Curriculum Framework o Performance Tasks o Teacher Guide ●NCWIT: o Pair Programming In-A-Box ●etr.org/youthandit o Youth & Technology Guide to Pair Programming