1. Heart Pericardium Myocardium Endocardium Septum Atrium Ventricle Tricuspid Valve Aortic Valve Pulmonary Valve Mitral Valve Aorta Pulmonary Artery/Vein Superior Vena Cava Inferior Vena Cava Artery Vein

2. Circulatory System

3. Aorta Superior Vena Cava Pulmonary artery Left Atrium Aortic Valve Mitral Valve Left Ventricle Septum Inferior Vena Cava Right Ventricle Tricuspid Valve Right Atrium Pulmonary Valve Myocardium

4. Circulatory System General Facts: -passageway for nutrients and waste from the body’s organs. -consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

5. Circulatory System Heart: -pumps blood. -general facts: beats an average of 72 bpm. pumps about 5,000 gallons per day. about the size of your fist. weighs under 1 pound.

6. Circulatory System Heart Parts: -pericardium outer layer of the heart tissue. -myocardium middle muscle layer of heart tissue. -endocardium inner layer of heart tissue. “Blood-proof”

7. Circulatory System -septum dividing wall between the left and right sides of the heart. -chambers Right Atrium: receives blood from the body. Right Ventricle: receives blood from the right atrium ( 4 )

8. Circulatory System Left Atrium: receives blood from the lungs. Left Ventricle: receives blood from the left atrium.

9. Circulatory System Heart Valves -Tricuspid valve: between right atrium and right ventricle. -Pulmonary Valve: between right ventricle and lungs. -Mitral Valve: between left atrium and left ventricle -Aortic Valve: between left ventricle and aorta. ( 4 )

10. Circulatory System Blood Pathway Right Atrium Tricuspid Valve Right Ventricle Pulmonary Valve Pulmonary ArteryLungsPulmonary Vein Superior/Inferior Vena Cava Left Atrium Mitral Valve Left Ventricle Aortic Valve Aorta Body

11. Blood Circulation Arteries:carries blood away from the heart Aorta:largest artery -takes blood to the body Pulmonary Artery: -takes blood to the lungs Coronary Artery: -takes blood to the heart

12. Blood Circulation Veins:carries blood back to the heart Superior Vena Cava: -returns blood to the heart from the upper body Inferior Vena Cava: -returns blood to the heart from the lower body

13. Blood Circulation Veins: (cont’d) Pulmonary Vein: -returns blood to the heart from the lungs

14. Blood Circulation Capillaries: -carries blood from the arteries to the veins -smallest of the blood vessels -transfer of nutrients and waste

15. Blood Loops Systemic Circulation: Coronary Circulation -takes blood throughout the entire body -circulates blood to the myocardium (the cells of the heart muscle)

16. Blood Loops Renal Circulation: Portal Circulation: -circulates blood to the kidneys (liquid waste is filtered) -circulates blood to the intestines (nutrients are picked up)

17. Lymphatic System Lymph Nodes: -bundles of lymph tissue that help filter out infections Lymph: 1. clear fluid 2. bathes all of the body’s cells 3. helps rid the body of waste/infections

18. Blood Pressure What is it? Force of blood against the wall of an artery. Tool for assessing the health of the cardiovascular system. 1. 2.

19. Blood Pressure Factors affecting blood pressure. 1.Age 2.Heredity 3.Emotions (stress) 4.Food selection 5.Exercise/Fitness levels 6.Weight

20. Blood Pressure Systolic Pressure: -pressure against an artery wall when the heart contracts. (top number) Diastolic Pressure: -pressure against an artery wall when the heart (bottom number) relaxes. Normal Range 110/70 - 140/90

21. Blood Pressure Instruments that are used: 1. stethoscope 2. sphygmomanometer 3. cuff

22. Blood Pressure Reading Blood Pressure 1. Cuff around upper arm. 2. Stethoscope on the pulse in the elbow. 3. Inflate cuff until blood flow is stopped. (usually 160-180)

23. Blood Pressure 4. Pressure in the cuff is gradually reduced until sounds are heard in the vessels. (stethoscope) (systolic pressure reading) 5. Pressure continues to be released until the sounds stop (stethoscope) (diastolic pressure reading)

24. Heart in Action S-A Node: (sino-atrial node) 1. Located in the right atrium. 2. Nerve tissue 3. Pacemaker 4. Stimulate the A-V node

25. Heart in Action A-V-Node: (Atrioventricular Node) 1. Located between the atria and ventricles 2. Pumps ventricles Sound of a beating heart Lubb-Dubb

27. Blood Parts Blood (10-12 pints) What does it do? Transportation of nutrients and waste. Fighting of infections Clotting of blood Temperature regulator

28. Blood Parts Blood parts Red Blood Cells Made in bone marrow Shaped like discs Contain hemoglobin About 30 trillion (30,000,000,000,000) Transportation

29. Blood Parts Blood parts White Blood Cells Made in the bone marrow and lymph tissue Shaped like discs with a nucleus 1 white cell for every 600 rbc Fighting infections

30. Blood Parts Blood parts Platelets Made in the bone marrow Shaped like jagged fragments About 1.5 trillion Live for about 10 days Blood clotting

31. Blood Parts Blood parts Plasma Make up 55% of blood Plasma breakdown 92% is water 7% is proteins 1% fats, sugar, and salts

32. Blood Types Blood types A, B, AB, O In most cases you will receive your blood type when needing a transfusion. O: universal donor AB: universal receiver

33. Blood Types Blood types A:41% of the population B: 10% of the population AB: 4% of the population, universal receiver O: 45% of the population, universal donor

34. Blood Types Rh factor Inherited blood group associated with A,B,AB, and O. Approximately 85% are Rh-positive Approximately 15% are Rh-negative Percentages vary among racial groups

35. Blood Types Quiz A can receive from ____, and ____. A can receive from ____, and ____. A can donate to ____, and ____. A can donate to ____, and ____. B can receive from ____, and ____. B can receive from ____, and ____. B can donate from ____, and ____. B can donate from ____, and ____. AB can receive from ____, ____, ____, and ____. AB can receive from ____, ____, ____, and ____. AB can donate to ____. AB can donate to ____. O can receive from ____. O can receive from ____. O can donate to ____, ____, ____, and ____. O can donate to ____, ____, ____, and ____.

36. 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 15 HEART DIAGRAM QUIZ

37. HEART DIAGRAM QUIZ ANSWERS 1.Superior Vena Cava 2.Pulmonary Vein 3.Pulmonary Valve 4.Tricuspid Valve 5.Inferior Vena Cava 6.Right Ventricle 7.Pericardium 8.Myocardium 9.Left Ventricle 10. Mitral Valve 11. Left Atrium 12. Pulmonary Vein 13. Pulmonary Artery 14. Aorta 15. Septum

38. HEART DIAGRAM MID-UNIT EXAM Answer only the numbered lines. A B C D E F G H J I