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MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Minho River PORTUGAL Carlos Antunes, Alfredo Oliveira, Sérgia Costa Dias Centre for Marine.

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Presentation on theme: "MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Minho River PORTUGAL Carlos Antunes, Alfredo Oliveira, Sérgia Costa Dias Centre for Marine."— Presentation transcript:

1 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Minho River PORTUGAL Carlos Antunes, Alfredo Oliveira, Sérgia Costa Dias Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR) –University of Porto

2 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Geographical location International river: Spain and Portugal River spring: Spain, at “serra de Meira”, 750 m altitude. Course: 300 km, the first 230 km in Spain. The final 70 km are the border between Portugal and Spain. Basin limit Border

3 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Minho River Basin: Physical caracteristics Min. monthly discharge (August 1976): 31 260 dam 3 Max. yearly discharge (January 2001): 5 673 972 dam 3 Mean monthly discharge (Oct.1973-April 04): 834 615 dam 3 (50 Km upstream the mouth of the river) Catchment area (total): 17 080 km 2 International sub-basin area: 1 934 km 2 Catchment area in Spain: 16 250 km 2 Catchment area in Portugal: 800 km 2 Total surface water area: 800 km 2 Estuary length: 30 Km Temperature: 9.6ºC (Jan.) – 20.4ºC(Aug.) Salinity: 0.1ups – 34.64 ups (Year reference: 2000) Basin limit Border

4 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Spain Sil (1)8000 km 2 Left bank Arnoya (2)725 km 2 Neyra (3)832 km 2 Tea (4)411 km 2 Right bank Avia (5)670 km 2 Ferreira (6)266 km 2 Ladra (7)886 km 2 Támoga (8)233 km 2 Portugal Mouro (9)141 km 2 Left bank Coura (10)268 km 2 The Minho catchment's area is characterized by the existence of two main rivers, the Minho river and his main tributary, the Sil river. The source of the Sil river is located at 1500 m of altitude in “serra de Jistreda”, in the Cantabrian Mountains. The Sil flows through 226 km, and joins Minho river at 70 km before the beginning of the international stretch. The Sil sub-basin covers an area of 8 000 km², i.e., about 50% of the total of Minho‘s drainage basin. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1010 Name Area of the sub- basin Minho River Basin: Main tributaries

5 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Images Basin limit Border Minho River Basin

6 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Dams Basin limit Border Bassin Limit Border Hydroelectric Other Out of use Dam locations in Minho catchment area ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS

7 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Dams Basin limit Border Dams affecting upstream migration ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS With fish-pass With fish-pass for eels No fish-pass No information Basin limit Border

8 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Point source pollution Basin limit Border Lugo Urban Rio Barbaña Industrial Orense Urban Rio Louro Industrial Ponferrada Industrial and Urban VN Cerveira Industrial ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS Non-point source pollution In: Antello et al., 1998 Norton, R., 1998

9 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Exotic species Corbicula fluminea CRUSTACEA recentProchambarus clarkii MOLLUSCA recent Gobo gobio recentCyprinus carpio recentTinca tinca recentCobitis calderoni oldCarassius auratus oldGambusia affinis holbrooki oldMicropterus salmoides oldOnchorhynchus mykiss INTRODUCTIONFISHES Gobio gobio Micropterus salmoidesCyprinus carpioCorbicula fluminea Basin limit Border ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS Prochambarus clarkii

10 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Parasite Anguillicola crassus Basin limit Border ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS

11 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Number of fishing licences PORTUGAL In 1984: 1744 In 1989: 820 In 2004: 800 from which 250 were also for glass eel Fishery data declared : 50% of the fishermen SPAIN Number of licences : 430 Fishery data declared : 60% of the fishermen EEL EXPLOITATION Photograph by Eliseo Alonso

12 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Fishing gears Glass eel fishery Hand-held dip net -“rapeta” Stow net - “tela”  Use of an illegal stow net called - “tela de saco” NOT ALLOWED IN OTHER NATIONAL RIVERS Yellow eel fishery Fyke-nets -“nassa” Baited hooks EEL EXPLOITATION

13 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Fishing gear (glass eel) - “Tela”(stow net) Length of floatline = 10 m; Depth = 8 m; Leadline = 15 m; Meshsize = 1-2 mm EEL EXPLOITATION

14 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Fishing gear (glass eel) - “Tela”(stow net) EEL EXPLOITATION

15 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Length of floatline = 14 m; Length of the bag = 10 m; Meshsize = 1-2 mm Illegal fishing gear (glass eel) - “Tela de saco”(stow net with bag) EEL EXPLOITATION

16 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Fishing gears (yellow eel) - Fyke-nets EEL EXPLOITATION

17 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Fishing regulation GLASS EELS Stow net: O1 Nov. – 30 April Hand dip net: 01 Out. – 30 April YELLOW EELS Fyke-net: 01 Sept.-30 Nov. Baited hooks: All year Length > 20 cm EEL EXPLOITATION

18 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Historical evolution of catches OFFICIAL DATA OF GLASS EEL CATCHES FROM PORTUGAL (P) AND SPAIN (SP) IN THE MINHO RIVER (1974-2003) The data are underestimated. EEL EXPLOITATION

19 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 The data are underestimated. OFFICIAL DATA OF YELLOW EEL CATCHES FROM PORTUGAL IN THE MINHO RIVER (1983-2003) EEL EXPLOITATION Historical evolution of catches

20 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Area of colonization Basin limit Border In: Hervella & Caballero, 1999 EEL STATUS

21 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Accessible and “lost” areas Basin limit Border EEL STATUS Accessible area 1 934 km2 “Lost” area: 16 250 km2 11% of total catchment area

22 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 BIOLOGICAL STUDIES StudiesPeriodsOrganisationLocals Experimental glass eel fishery 1981-1983; 1987-1989; 1991-1993; 2000-2001 CIIMAR; ICBASEstuary: 18 km upstream; and river entrance Biometric data and pigmentation stages 1981-1983; 1987-1989; 1991-1993; 2000-2001 CIIMAR; ICBASEstuary: 18 km upstream; and river entrance By-catch analyses 1981-1983; 1991-1992; 2000-2001 CIIMAR; ICBASEstuary: 18 km upstream; and river entrance Culture experiment of monthly captured glass eels 1988-1991ICBASEstuary Abundance and distribution of yellow eels, biometric and food regime data 1987-1989ICBASInternational Minho River Parasites1995-1996ICBASInternational Minho River Glass eel and leptocephali otolith analises 1991-1993ICBASEstuary

23 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Experimental glass eel fishery BIOLOGICAL STUDIES

24 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Biometric data and pigmentation stages Average length / weight range: 6.3 cm (Jun.) and 7.4cm (Sept.) / 0.17g (Aug.) and 0.380 g (Sept.) Year : 2000 BIOLOGICAL STUDIES In average in the season fishing: 1 Kg of glass eels = 2800 glass eels

25 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 By-catch analyses BIOLOGICAL STUDIES Dias CS & Antunes C, 2004

26 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 BIOLOGICAL STUDIES By-catch analyses Dias CS & Antunes C, 2004 Pisces – 20 species Crustacea – 20 taxonomic groups Mollusca – 7 species Annelida – 1 species Echinodermata – 1 species Dias CS & Antunes C, 2004

27 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Yellow eels (1988) Electric fishery in small tributaries 2 ind./m2 – 78.6 g/m2 0,2 ind./m2 – 8.8 g/m2 Fyke-nets 4,5 eels/fyke-net/night 0,9 eels/fyke-net/night Basin limit Border BIOLOGICAL STUDIES

28 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Parasites Prevalence of Anguillicola crassus (1995/96) 87.5% 15% BIOLOGICAL STUDIES Basin limit Border

29 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 Glass eels and leptocephali - otolith microstructure analyses(1991 -1993) BIOLOGICAL STUDIES LI LII LIII Antunes C & Tesch FW, 1997 Time migration from Sargasso Sea to Minho River 22 – 26 months ? Age estimation dificulty: Difuse Zone

30 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 ► Management plan adapted to the new local reality: * Fishing licences number control * Fishing period * Fishing area CONSTRAINTS ON THE EVOLUTION OF EEL STOCK ► Lost of habitat ► Absence of re-stocking programmes ► Habitat quality (?) ► Parasites (?)

31 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005 WORK CARRIED OUT IN 2004/05 monthly experimental glass eel fishery biometric and pigmentation stage of glass eels data were registered; environmental data monitoring analysis of yellow eel abundance by electric fishing in several tributaries of the Portuguese catchment area; we are waiting for permission from the Spanish authorities to sample in up dam areas sediment quality analysis concerning heavy metals in Minho river estuary database organization using a Geographical Information System (GIS) to map the Minho river catchment area

32 MINHO RIVER BASIN 1 st Seminar INDICANG, Rochefort, 18/05/2005

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