1. Hybrid Vehicles Sinan Subaşı 20929745

2. What is a hybrid? Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) include both a combustion engine as well as an electric motor. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) include both a combustion engine as well as an electric motor. It uses the combustion engine at most efficient range and don’t need a gearbox. It uses the combustion engine at most efficient range and don’t need a gearbox. If we had better batteries, we would not need hybrids at all. If we had better batteries, we would not need hybrids at all.

3. Advantages of Hybrids Regenerative braking actually makes city driving more economical. Regenerative braking actually makes city driving more economical. Fuel efficiency is greatly increased. Fuel efficiency is greatly increased. Emissions are greatly decreased. Emissions are greatly decreased. Decrease in noise, greenhouse effect Decrease in noise, greenhouse effect Increase in air quality Increase in air quality New materials and technologies can be implemented. New materials and technologies can be implemented.

4. Disadvantages of Hybrids Higher costs, massive use of rare earth metals Higher costs, massive use of rare earth metals No infrastructure for Plug-in hybrids No infrastructure for Plug-in hybrids Heavy vehicles, expensive servicability Heavy vehicles, expensive servicability Pollution from the car factories Pollution from the car factories Crashes can cause electric shock Crashes can cause electric shock

5. References http://auto.howstuffworks.com/electric-car7.htm Engine and Fuel Alternatives, Prof. Wai Cheng, MIT (ICE Course Notes) Engine and Fuel Alternatives, Prof. Wai Cheng, MIT (ICE Course Notes) Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles, Fundamentals, Theory and Design, Ehsani, Gao, Emadi, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis, 2nd Edition, 2010. Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles, Fundamentals, Theory and Design, Ehsani, Gao, Emadi, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis, 2nd Edition, 2010. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_vehicle http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_vehicle