1. Understanding – Context & Summary Learning Intentions To explore the recommended approach to these question-types and attempt some examples. Success Criteria To emerge with a better understanding of Context and Summary questions.

2. Understanding – Context & Summary Context Questions The key thing to remember about this type of question is that you must remember to state the actual meaning of the word/phrase itself, as well as looking for clues/markers which help you to arrive at the meaning,.

3. Understanding – Context & Summary Context Questions We all need role models, someone to look up to. Doctors, lawyers, and teachers - these were once the members of society that were revered. How sad it is then that now young people idolise pop singers, models and reality TV ‘stars’, people with little talent who contribute nothing to society. Give the meaning of the word, ‘revered’ and explain how the context helps you arrive at this meaning.

4. Answer Definition – Someone who is respected and seen as a pillar of society. Quotation – “role models, someone to look up to” OR “Doctors, lawyers, and teachers”. Explanation – This helps me work out the meaning of “revered” because respectable and important occupations are referred to. Also, a person who is a role model is someone who is seen to be responsible, respected and admired.

5. Understanding – Context & Summary Context Questions For two days the General vacillated. Should he give the order to advance, or should he allow his men to cling to their line of defence? This hesitation was to prove fatal. Show how the context helps you arrive at the meaning of ‘vacillated’.

6. Answer Definition - to be indecisive or irresolute, changing between one opinion and another. Quote – “Should he give the order to advance, or should he allow his men to cling to their line of defence?” Explanation – This helps me to work out the meaning of “vacillated” because it highlights the hesitation shown by the General and his inability to make a decision.

7. Stand and Deliver Stand and deliver the Understanding formulae. Each of you MUST explain the formula for every type of question. There are FIVE! Which questions do you find difficult to remember/apply?

8. Understanding – Context & Summary Summary Questions If you are asked to 'summarise' or to 'identify the main points' or to give the 'key reasons', your answer should be fairly brief. You should focus on each main idea the writer is putting across.

9. Understanding – Context & Summary Summary Questions Perhaps parents who would, given a choice, prefer their children to be minimally hurt when they fall off a climbing frame or into a pond are not being paranoid – just being careful. Maybe the real paranoiacs are not those who worry about their children being squashed by sociopaths in cars, but those who insist on adding the consequences of mollycoddling to the already overlong catalogue of parental anxieties. Explain in your own words the main points the writer makes in this paragraph. (2 marks)

10. Surely the most sensible way to ‘crack down’ on illegal workers is to permit legal alternatives. Not just because of woolly liberalism – though that’s a perfectly decent instinct – but because of enlightened self-interest. Recently, I was reading an analysis of what was happening to the economy in the Highlands & Islands. The writer welcomes the fact that the population of that area has gone up 20% in one generation. But he goes on to say that ‘labour shortages of every kind are becoming the single biggest constraint in the way of additional economic expansion’. He adds: ‘In principle the solution to this problem is readily available in the shape of the so-called asylum seekers or economic migrants that our country, like most countries, seems determined to turn away.’ While, for the most part, immigrants to the Highlands & Islands have recently come from England, the future lies in casting the net much wider. That would be, after all, yet another Scottish solution to a Scottish problem, given that this nation regularly suffers from population loss, exporting tranches of economic migrants all over the world every year. It’s been something of a national hobby, which is why there is almost no corner of the globe where you won’t stumble over a Caledonian society enthusiastically peopled by folks who will do anything for the old country bar live in it.

11. Understanding – Context & Summary Summary Questions For the extract on the previous slide: Using your own words as far as possible, outline three important points which are made about immigration.