2. Mitosis  Catalyst:  How do organisms grow?  What happens during interphase? Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst!

3. Objectives By the end of the period, SWBAT…  Describe the five phases of mitosis  Explain why mitosis produces two identical cells

4. Definitions – In case you missed them…  Sex cells = sperm and egg cells  Somatic cells = all other cells in your body  DNA = genetic code that instructs the cell how to run (it’s what makes you “you”)  Chromosome = pieces of coiled DNA. They look like Xs.

5. Catalyst Review  How do organisms grow?  They create new cells!  One cell divides into two  The new cell is an exact copy of the previous cell  This process is called mitosis

6. Catalyst Review  What happens in interphase?  Cells do their normal cell things Heart cells beat Plant cells photosynthesize Eye cells let you see Skin cells protect you from stuff outside your body  When cells are ready to divide, make an exact copy of their DNA

7. Catalyst Review  Remember…  Somatic (body) cells normally have 23 pairs of chromosomes 2N = 2 PAIRS  When they are ready to divide, they make copies of their DNA 4N = 4 PAIRS

8. Mitosis CHALLENGE! Are you up for it?  Arrange the four pictures in order that makes sense to you and your group!  There will be a prize for the group that gets the correct answer AND can explain why they chose this order.  Remember: In mitosis, a somatic cell creates an exact copy of itself.

9. Stage #1: Interphase  Normally cells are 2N (two copies of each chromosome)  When cells are ready to divide, the cell’s DNA doubles  Cell becomes 4N (four copies of each chromosome)

10. Chromosome Pairs  In interphase, chromosomes duplicate and form pairs  When a chromosome is in a pair, it is called a chromatid

11. Stage #1: Interphase 2N

12. Phase #2: Prophase  Sister chromatids attach to each other  Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell  Nuclear membrane breaks  Allows chromatids to move freely 4N

13.  Sister chromatids line up in the center of the cell (“metaphase plate”)  Spindles shoot out of centrioles, and attach to sister chromatids  WHY would sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate?!?!?! Phase #3: Metaphase 4N

14. Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm Phase #3: Metaphase

15.  Spindles pull sister chromatids apart to opposite ends of the cell  WHY would sister chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell?!?!?! Phase #4: Anaphase 4N

16. Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm Phase #4: Anaphase

17.  Nuclear membrane reforms  Spindle breaks apart  Cleavage furrow forms, “pinching” the cell in half  WHY would the cleavage furrow split the cell in half?!?!?! Phase #5: Telophase 4N

18. Phase #1: Interphase Now we have two identical cells!!! 2N

19. Animal Cell Plant Cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm Phase #5: Telophase

20. Animal Mitosis: Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase

21. Plant Mitosis: Review Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase

22. WOW MR. LY YOU RULE!!! THANKS MR. LY FOR THE SWEET MOVIE!!!

23. I Interphase P Prophase M Metaphase A Anaphase T Telophase IPaint M any Amazing T-shirts I Paint M any Amazing T-shirts

24. WHO’S PAYING ATTENTION?  What type of cell does mitosis occur in?  What is the starting point of mitosis?  What are the end products of mitosis?  What are the names of the stages of mitosis?

25. Guided Practice  Today, we will move around the classroom to answer questions on the board. You have 10 seconds to get to each spot.  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase

26. Which phase is this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase

27. Which phase is this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase

28. Which phase is this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase

29. Which phase is this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase

30. Which phase is this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

31. Which phase is this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase Cleavage furrow forms, pinching the cell in half.

32. Which phase is this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase In between cell divisions, when the cell does its thaaaaang.

33. Which phase is this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase When chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides of the cell.

34. Which phase occurs AFTER this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase Chromatids attach to each other and centrioles begin to move to opposite sides of the cell.

35. Which phase occurs AFTER this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

36. Which phase occurs AFTER this?  In the middle of the classroom – Interphase  By the door into the classroom – Prophase  By the stereo – Metaphase  By the computers – Anaphase  By the college poster – Telophase Chromatids are pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell.

37. Conclusion  I Paint Many Amazing T-shirts!  Prophase – chromatids attach to each other  Metaphase – chromatids line up in the middle of the cell  Anaphase – chromatids are pulled to opposite ends of the cell  Telophase – cleavage furrow forms and pinches off two cells  Mitosis ends up with two identical cells!

38. Exit Question  What are the phases of mitosis in order?  What must occur before mitosis (think DNA)? Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst!

39. Stage #1: Interphase  ________________ ________________ ________________  ________________ ________________ ________________ Cell is _____N

40. Phase #2: Prophase  ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ Cell is _____N

41.  _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ Phase #3: Metaphase Cell is _____N

42.  __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ __________________ Phase #4: Anaphase Cell is _____N

43.  ____________________ ____________________ ____________________  ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ ____________________ Phase #5: Telophase Cell is _____N

44. _______________________________________________________ _____________________________ Remember!