1. 1 BULATOM - SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA International Nuclear Forum Bulgarian Nuclear Energy – National, Regional and World Safety 28-30 th May 2008 Bulgarian Atomic Forum BULATOM vladan.stefula@amec.com

2. 2 BULATOM - SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA Introduction Support to Energy Policy of Government of Armenia: AMEC and Danish Energy Management institute Finalised 2008 Consisted of 2 components: Decommissioning support – AMEC Renewable energy – DEM

3. 3 BULATOM - SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA Component 1: DECOMMISSIONING Key Tasks: Assess the existing technical and economic information on the ANPP decommissioning Prepare a Decommissioning Strategy for discussion and adoption by the Government of Armenia Prepare a Decommissioning Action Plan Prepare a comprehensive prioritised list of legal documents Draft the first priority legal documents for decommissioning

4. 4 BULATOM - SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA Background Basic Facts on ANPP: Armenian NPP situated on the Armenian plate near the Metzamor town, approximately 30 km west of Yerevan Consists of two units of VVER-440/ Model V-270 that is seismically upgraded version of standard V-230 design In commercial operation since 1978 and 1980 Earthquake in December 1988 Both plants continued to operate after the earthquake USSR Council of Ministers ordered the shutdown of both plants for safety reasons Unit 1: February 1989; Unit 2: March 1989

5. 5 BULATOM - SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA Background Disintegration of USSR Armenia became an independent republic "ENERGY CRISIS" Restart of ANPP ordered by the Armenian Government After conducting repair and reconstruction activities, Unit 2 was restarted in November 1995 Unit 1 remains in a long-term shutdown mode Planning for future – decommissioning and new source

6. 6 BULATOM - SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA Decommissioning Strategy Key author – experienced engineer from KNPP Kozloduy experience applied Many challenges identical to KNPP units 1-4 Key Strategy Selection Factors availability of the legislative and regulatory framework availability of funding safety availability of waste management system availability of qualified and trained personnel

7. 7 BULATOM - SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA Decommissioning Strategy Options Evaluated 1.Safe enclosure until radioactive waste disposal issue is solved 2.Safe enclosure of only highly contaminated and activated objects 3.Immediate dismantling 4.Possibility for use of the plant buildings as a near surface disposal facility for low and intermediate radioactive waste

8. 8 BULATOM - SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA “SEQUENTIAL DISMANTLING” Key Benefits: Potential for utilization of the existing qualified and correspondingly retrained personnel for the purposes of the decommissioning Provides time for the retrieval and conditioning of the existing operational radioactive waste backlog Allows utilization of the existing radioactive waste management infrastructure and its extension in order to deal with the specific type of waste generated during the decommissioning Enables to utilize the benefit of radioactive decay of highly contaminated and activated equipment; Allows for accumulation of sufficient financial resources in the Decommissioning Fund for coverage of the entire decommissioning project

9. 9 BULATOM - SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA “SEQUENTIAL DISMANTLING” Profile of personnel employed in the decommissioning project

10. 10 BULATOM - SUPPORT TO ENERGY POLICY OF GOVERNMENT OF ARMENIA “SEQUENTIAL DISMANTLING” Expenditure profile of Labour and investment costs