1. 1 Carbon Nanotube In Biology Lawanya Raj Ojha Graduate Student Department of Chemistry, OSU, Stillwater

2. 2 Abstract Carbon nanotubes have many interesting and unique properties potentially useful in a variety of biological and biomedical systems and devices. Significant progress has been made in the technical barriers toward applications, especially on issues concerning the aqueous solubility and biocompatibility of carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes have many interesting and unique properties potentially useful in a variety of biological and biomedical systems and devices. Significant progress has been made in the technical barriers toward applications, especially on issues concerning the aqueous solubility and biocompatibility of carbon nanotubes.

3. 3 Background and Introduction Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Allotropes of carbon. Allotropes of carbon. Well ordered, hollow cylindrical shape, length from several hundred nm to µm, diameter of 0.4-2 nm (SWANT) and 2 - 100nm (MWNT) Well ordered, hollow cylindrical shape, length from several hundred nm to µm, diameter of 0.4-2 nm (SWANT) and 2 - 100nm (MWNT) Unique properties- High surface area, High mechanical strength, Rich electronic properties, Excellent Chemical and thermal Stability. Unique properties- High surface area, High mechanical strength, Rich electronic properties, Excellent Chemical and thermal Stability. Several applications due to their unique properties Several applications due to their unique properties Application in biology:- Drug delivery, biosenser, antigen recognition, DNA hybridization Application in biology:- Drug delivery, biosenser, antigen recognition, DNA hybridization

4. 4 Current Research and Application The ability of f-CNT to penetrate into the cells offers the potential of using f-CNT as a vehicles for the delivery of small drug molecules The ability of f-CNT to penetrate into the cells offers the potential of using f-CNT as a vehicles for the delivery of small drug molecules Binaco et. al. developed a new strategy for the multiple functionalization of CNT with amphotericin B (AmB) and fluorescein. Binaco et. al. developed a new strategy for the multiple functionalization of CNT with amphotericin B (AmB) and fluorescein. The antibiotic linked to the nanotube was easily internalized into the mammalian cells without toxic effect in comparison the antibiotic incubated alone. The antibiotic linked to the nanotube was easily internalized into the mammalian cells without toxic effect in comparison the antibiotic incubated alone.

5. 5 Current Research and Application Bianco et.al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 6358

6. 6 Current Research and Application Ammonium functionalized CNT for their ability to form supra molecular complex with nucleic acid by electrostatic interactions. This CNT-DNA complex acts as a nonviral vector to deliver plasmid DNA into the cell. Ammonium functionalized CNT for their ability to form supra molecular complex with nucleic acid by electrostatic interactions. This CNT-DNA complex acts as a nonviral vector to deliver plasmid DNA into the cell. Singh et. al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4388 Singh et. al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 4388 Dai and colleagues used a simple non covalent route to attach a reactive molecules to sidewalls of SWNT. This reactive molecule could the be used to attach to the wall of these tubes. This related work is of interest to the development of biosensor based on nanotubes. Dai and colleagues used a simple non covalent route to attach a reactive molecules to sidewalls of SWNT. This reactive molecule could the be used to attach to the wall of these tubes. This related work is of interest to the development of biosensor based on nanotubes. Green et. al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002,124, 12664 Green et. al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002,124, 12664

7. 7 Current Research and Application Z. Heng et al. discovered the DNA wrapped CNT. Biosensor DNA Wrapped CNT- new type of optical sensor in living system.

8. 8 Current Research and Application Lieber group have shown that SWNT are ideal probe tips for AFM because of their small diameter. Lieber group have shown that SWNT are ideal probe tips for AFM because of their small diameter. Nature, 1998, 394, 53 Nature, 1998, 394, 53 CNTs also sustain the osteoblast growth and bond formation, and thus represent a potential technological advance in bone bioengineering. CNTs also sustain the osteoblast growth and bond formation, and thus represent a potential technological advance in bone bioengineering. Haddon et. al. Nano Lett. 2006, 6, 566 Haddon et. al. Nano Lett. 2006, 6, 566 Recent development of modification of CNT by some biomolecules- carbohydrates, protein, Nucleic Acid – another solid step toward the use of carbon nanotubes in biological and biomedical field. Recent development of modification of CNT by some biomolecules- carbohydrates, protein, Nucleic Acid – another solid step toward the use of carbon nanotubes in biological and biomedical field.

9. 9 Conclusion Chemical modification of CNT opens the new horizons in the study of the biological properties of CNT Chemical modification of CNT opens the new horizons in the study of the biological properties of CNT CNTs are being developed for a host of biomedical and biotechnological applications, including drug delivery, enzyme immobilization and DNA transfection. Further advances in continuing investigations may depend on an improved understanding of biological properties of CNTs – broader exploration of other bio application opportunities beyond those that have been identified. Further advances in continuing investigations may depend on an improved understanding of biological properties of CNTs – broader exploration of other bio application opportunities beyond those that have been identified.

10. 10 Acknowledgment Dr. Kevin Ausman Dr. Kevin Ausman Chemistry Department - OSU Chemistry Department - OSU Friends and Family Friends and Family