2. Through the skin (bites, cuts, needles) Through direct contact with mucous membranes Eating contaminated food and drinking contaminated water Inhaling disease-causing particles Direct contact

3. From infectious person to susceptible person From healthy carriers to susceptible people From environment to people From animals to people

4. Infants and Young Children Older Adults Pregnant Women and Fetuses Immuno- compromised

5. Eating a well-balanced diet Maintaining a healthy weight Getting adequate rest Getting regular aerobic exercise Not smoking Not drinking alcohol excessively

6. Effective against bacteria Not effective against viruses Overuse or improper use can lead to resistant bacteria

7. Use soap Warm, running water Rub hands together to kill more germs. Wash for at least 20 seconds

8. Before eating Before food preparation After handling raw meats, poultry or eggs After using the bathroom or changing diapers

9. After wiping noses After touching pets After coming in from outside After contact with people who are sick

10. 1) Test well water 2) Clean and sanitize: -bathrooms -kitchen surfaces and utensils -eating tables Sanitizing Solution 1 Tablespoon chlorine bleach per gallon warm water

11. Eat balanced diet/maintain moderate weight Get 6 to 8 hours sleep each night Exercise regularly Find ways to cope with stress

12. Get immunized Don’t smoke Use alcohol only in moderation Avoid contact with people who are infectious Wash hands often

13. Evaluation Questions 1. What are two ways that diseases are spread? 2. Name at least two times when it is best to wash your hands. 3. What is the proper way to wash your hands? A. Soak in warm water for 15 seconds B. Rub hands together with soap in warm, running water for 20 seconds C. Wipe hands with a damp cloth