1. How are chromosomes put together? How do new cells get their chromosomes? How do new organisms get their chromosomes? Compare and contrast these two processes.

2. How are chromosomes put together?

3. The packaging of CHROMOSOMES! (protein and DNA)

5. HUMAN DNA AND ITS PACKAGING IN HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES MOM DAD

6. HUMAN DNA AND ITS PACKAGING IN HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES MOM DAD

7. How do new cells get their chromosomes? MITOSIS

8. INTERPHASE

9. EARLY PROPHASE: condensation

10. PROPHASE: Mitosis begins

11. METAPHASE: Alignment of the chromosomes

12. ANAPHASE: Separation of the chromatids

13. TELOPHASE: Re-formation of the nuclei and CYTOKINESIS

14. RESULT: TWO NEW DAUGHTER CELLS WITH IDENTICAL SET OF CHROMOSOMES OF PARENT CELL

15. MITOSIS 6 6 6

16. 34 78 94 6 46 18 Very accurate copies of chromosomes!

17. How do new organisms get their chromosomes?

18. INTERPHASE (future egg or sperm) MIEOSIS

19. FIRST PROPHASE Exchange of segments

20. FIRST METAPHASE

21. FIRST ANAPHASE

22. FIRST TELOPHASE AND FIRST DIVISION

23. SECOND INTERPHASE

24. SECOND PROPHASE

25. SECOND METAPHASE: perpendicular axis

26. SECOND ANAPHASE

27. SECOND TELOPHASE

28. RESULT: FOUR NEW UNIQUE DAUGHTER CELLS EACH WITH HALF THE CHROMOSOMES OF THE ORIGINAL CELL

29. NOTE THAT WHICH COPY OF EACH CHROMOSOME GOES TO WHICH CELL IS COMPLETELY RANDOM

30. 6 6 6 6 3333 Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis Number of divisions

31. PROPHASE METAPHASE mitosis meiosis

32. 6 6 6 6 3333 Comparing Mitosis and Meiosis Number of divisions Number of chromosomes in daughter cells Genetic identity of daughter cells Where they occur

33. miTosis = each daughter cells get TWO complete sets of chromosomes meiOsis = each daughter cells get ONE complete set of chromosomes