1. Roman Society, Culture, and Religion

2. Wealthy vs Poor Rich- city homes and villas Running water and baths
Politicians
Practiced public-speaking
Crowded apartment buildings
Frequent fires

3. Bread and Circuses Circuses Circus Maximus or Coliseum
Chariot races
Free food and entertainment
Circus Maximus or Coliseum
Mimes, jugglers, theater dancers, acrobats, etc.
Fights b/w animals and/ or humans
Gladiator fights

4. Public Baths Bathing and hygiene for health Hot pools and cold pools
Cleaning and socializing
Steam rooms, exercise facilities, and meeting rooms

5. Roman Families Patriarchal Paterfamilias
Adoption- sons to carry family name
More freedom for lower class women
Paterfamilias- family father. Oldest living male and had extensive powers over other members of the family

6. Education and Religion
Mostly home schooled
Schools- Latin, Greek, law, math, public speaking
Polytheistic
Worshipped gods from many cultures
penates
Augurs
Penates- local household god
Augurs- interpreted signs in nature… color of insides of sacrificed animals, pattern of a birds flight
Minerva- goddess of wisdom, learning and arts. Daughter of Jupiter. (like Greek god Athena)

7. Cultural Legacy Galen Ptolemy Applied knowledge
Aqueducts, grid system, concrete, etc.
Round arch, vault, domes, etc.
Civil law
Romance languages
Came from Latin
Galen- a physician who collected and organized information in several volumes of books… considered the greatest authority on medicine
Ptolemy- earth is center of universe
Civil Law- dealing with rights of private citizens
Romance languages- French, Italian, Spanish, Romanian, Portuguese

8. Judaism and Christianity
Based on beliefs and customs of Jesus of Nazareth and Judaism

9. Judaism 63 BC Romans conquered Judea Monotheistic The deal
Jews to practice their religion
Paid tribute to Rome

10. Jews and Romans Zealots Armed resistance Others waited for the Messiah
Spiritual leader
Would restore Jewish leadership in Jerusalem
Bring peace
Zealots- called on fellow Jews to rise up and drive the Romans from Judea and re-establish the Kingdom of Israel

11. Jesus of Nazareth Four Gospels Carpenter
First four books in New Testament
New Testament + Hebrew Bible= Christian Bible today
Carpenter
Studied writings of Jewish prophets
Redemption and warning
Disciples
Performed miracles
Repent
Humility, mercy and charity
Matthew (12 apostles), Mark (Peter’s son and recorded what Peter said about Jesus), Luke (doctor and co-worker with Paul; collected accounts and interviews about Jesus) and John (12 apostles)

12. Death of Jesus Jesus Christ- Greek word for Messiah
Romans feared political uprising
Jesus was tried and found guilty
Resurrected
Jesus Christ- Greek word for Messiah

13. Christianity Spreads Disciples (apostles) spread Jesus’s teachings
Paul
spread Christianity to non-Jews
Changed food restrictions
People liked message of love and eternal life
No social restrictions
Eventual Roman religious toleration

14. Christian Church Eucharist Baptism
Priests- authority from Jesus through Apostles
Bishop
Pope- bishop of Rome

15. Constantine Converted in early 300s “In this sign, conquer”
Edict of Milan
Made Christianity legal
Christianity spread
Polytheism disappeared