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CD-1 Rationale for Indication of Parkinson’s Disease Dementia (PDD) and Study Design Roger Lane, MD, MPH Disease Area Section Head for Dementia Neuroscience.

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Presentation on theme: "CD-1 Rationale for Indication of Parkinson’s Disease Dementia (PDD) and Study Design Roger Lane, MD, MPH Disease Area Section Head for Dementia Neuroscience."— Presentation transcript:

1 CD-1 Rationale for Indication of Parkinson’s Disease Dementia (PDD) and Study Design Roger Lane, MD, MPH Disease Area Section Head for Dementia Neuroscience Clinical Development and Medical Affairs Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation

2 CD-2 Rationale for Pursuing PDD Indication  Unmet medical need – this patient population not previously studied systematically  Distinct neuropathology associated with cholinergic deficit  Idiopathic PD diagnosis preceding onset of a “generic” dementia syndrome predicts – Characteristic deficits of PDD – Alpha-synuclein related neuropathology  Findings from small open studies in PDD  Pharmacologic profile of Exelon

3 CD-3 Summary of Exelon Open-Label Studies in PDD ReferenceN Patient population, characteristicsDuration/dose Reading, et al (2001) 15PD for a mean of 12 yrs with hallucinations in past 3 mo, mean age 71 yr, baseline MMSE 20 14 wk, 3-wk washout/ 1.5 - 6 mg bid Bullock & Cameron (2002) 5PD for a mean of 10 yrs, mean age 75 yr, baseline MMSE 20.6 Ranged 20 - 52 wk/ Exelon 1.5 - 6 mg bid Giladi, et al (2003) 28PD for a mean of 7 yrs, mean age 75 yr, baseline MMSE 19.5 26 wk, 8-wk washout/ Exelon 1.5 - 6 mg bid Table 2-1 p 17 SCE

4 CD-4 Open-Label Studies of Exelon in PDD Conclusions  Efficacy – Improvements in cognition, attention, behavior (visual hallucinations, sleep), global performance, and performance of activities of daily living (ADLs)  Tolerability and safety – GI side effects appeared lower in PDD than in AD – Tremor may emerge at higher dose, otherwise motor function unaffected/improved – No signs of worsened sleep or autonomic function Reading PJ, et al. Movement Disorders. 2001;16:1171-1174. Bullock & Cameron. Current Medical Research and Opinions. 2002;18:258-264. Giladi N, et al. Acta Neurol Scand. 2003;108:368-373;

5 CD-5 Pharmacological Profile of Exelon  Slowly reversible and sustained inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butylcholinesterase (BChE)  Preferential selectivity for glial-derived isoforms of AChE and BChE involved in neurodegeneration †‡§  May avoid unwanted effects in brainstem nuclei and in striatum  Low incidence of sleep disturbance, parkinsonian symptoms, and cardiotoxicity in AD  Metabolism by target enzymes means low potential for PK drug-drug interactions † Enz A, et al. Prog Brain Res. 1993;98:431-438; ‡ Rakonczay Z. Acta Biologica Hungarica. 2003;54:183-189; § Eskander MF, et al. Brain Res. 2005;1060:144-152.

6 CD-6 Summary of Rationale for Pursuing PDD Indication  Dementia arising in context of established PD predicts – Distinct neuropathology – Cholinergic deficit  Uncontrolled clinical data indicated efficacy without unexpected safety concerns  Exelon’s brain regional selectivity may avoid unwanted brainstem/subcortical effects

7 CD-7 EXPRESS Study Objective and Study Design  Objective – Evaluate the efficacy and safety of Exelon in patients with PDD  Study design – 24-wk, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter study and an additional 24-wk open-label study – 540 patients with PDD planned from 12 countries in Europe and Canada – Randomized 2:1, 3 to 12 mg/day Exelon: placebo 1

8 CD-8 Study Design RANDOMIZATIONRANDOMIZATION 24-wk core study 2311 24-wk extension study 2311E1 Exelon treatment (Exe-Exelon) 1.5 - 6 mg bid Exelon treatment (Plc-Exelon) 1.5 - 6 mg bid Exelon treatment 1.5 - 6 mg bid Placebo treatment 1.5 - 6 mg bid Wk –3Wk –1Wk 0Wk 16Wk 24Wk 40Wk 48 2nd titration period 1st maintenance period 1st titration period Screen 2nd maintenance period

9 CD-9 Patient Selection

10 CD-10 EXPRESS Inclusion Criteria  UK Parkinson’s Disease Society (PDS) Brain Bank criteria for PD  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4 th Edition (DSM-IV-TR) diagnostic criteria for PDD as defined in “dementia due to other general medical conditions” (294.1)  Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 10 to 24  Onset of symptoms of dementia ≥ 2 yr after first diagnosis of PD 13-11 DV CSR pg 19, 20

11 CD-11 EXPRESS Exclusion Criteria  Primary neurodegenerative disorder other than PD including – Probable or possible VaD using NINDS-AIREN criteria  MRI and CT scan at screening or within 6 months prior – Required in all patients 13-11 DV CSR pg 19, 20

12 CD-12 EXPRESS Outcome Measures  Primary efficacy measures – ADAS-cog Sample size based on estimated treatment difference 2.25 (SD 7.5) – ADCS-CGIC Sample size based on estimated treatment difference 0.4 (SD 1.3)  Statistical significance required at p < 0.05 for both primary endpoints at week 24 15-15

13 CD-13 ADAS-cog Is an Appropriate Primary Outcome to Assess the Dementia in PDD  Shared cholinergic deficit contributes to neuropsychological deficits in both AD and PDD  ADAS-cog is well-validated in AD for assessment of relevant cognitive domains of dementia  Pilot study in PDD showed ADAS-cog sensitive to treatment effects  Supplementary study showed ADAS-cog to have similar sensitivity to disease severity and test-retest reliability in PDD as in AD

14 CD-14 EXPRESS Outcome Measures  Secondary efficacy measures – ADCS-ADL – Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) – CDR attention battery – MMSE – D-KEFS letter fluency test – Ten-Point Clock Test 15-15

15 CD-15 EXPRESS Outcome Measures  Safety evaluations – Adverse events – UPDRS part III (motor scale) – Laboratory tests and ECG – Vital signs and body weight 15-15

16 CD-16 Summary of Study Design  Design and primary outcome similar to those of other dementia studies – Placebo-controlled assessment of symptomatic efficacy, tolerability, and safety – Open extension to assess longer-term safety and maintenance of efficacy  Reliable dementia scales with concurrent study to assess sensitivity to dementia severity and test-retest reliability in PDD  Study population had an established PD diagnosis at least 2 years before the onset of dementia symptoms


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