2. Plant Processes PHOTOSYNTHESIS Process which allows plants to produce their own food

4. Plant Processes RESPIRATION Process where cells break down nutrients with the help of oxygen into useable energy Takes place in the mitochondria of the cell Opposite of photosynthesis

6. Plant Processes TRANSPIRTAION The process of loosing water through open stomata

7. Plant Processes POLLINATION The transfer of pollen from the male part of a seed plant to the female part Only occurs with closely related species

8. Pollination and Fertilization

9. Plant Growth Regulators Hormones: Chemical messengers created by a living organisms that control growth – Auxins: Target the stems and are produced in the apical meristems – Gibberellins: Stimulate cells t o elongate, enhance fruit production, and induces the opening of flower buds – Cytokinins: Stimulate the production of protein leading to cell division

10. Plant Growth Regulators Ethylene: The gaseous compound produced which causes cell walls to weaken and become soft Abscisic Acid: Slows down metabolic process to help the plant conserve water – Prohibits growth

11. Plant Responses Tropism is the growth response of a plant to and external stimulus – Sun, artificial light, gravity Phototropism is a plant’s response to light – Plant will grow towards light

12. Gravitropism is a plant’s response to gravity – Also known as geotropism Autotropism is how a plant grows or elongates in a straight line Plant Responses

13. Cultural and Environmental Factors When plant systems do not function properly, a number of problems can occur – If a plant suffers too much, it will not be able to produce and process food, or reproduce Humidity is the amount of moisture in the air – 30% to 60% is desirable