1. Chapter 3 Vocabulary Georgia: The Land and Its Early People

2. Archaeologist Archaeologists dig into the earth to find artifacts that will give us information about early inhabitants.

3. Artifact Artifacts are any items that were made by people. These include pottery, weapons, tools, jewelry, and even fossils.

4. Shale Shale is a type of rock that is formed in successive layers.

5. Anthropologists Anthropologists use artifacts, cave drawings and oral history to study the culture of a group.

6. Culture Culture is a term used to describe beliefs, traditions, music, art, and social patterns of a group of people that share common experiences.

7. Horticulture The science of cultivating plants and trees began in the late Archaic period.

8. Tribe A group of people that share a common ancestry, name and way of living.

9. Antiquities Antiquities are ancient relics. A relic is an object or a personal item of religious significance.

10. Clan Clans were groups of people within a tribe that believed themselves to be related by blood.

11. Paleo Indians Paleo (from Greek, “Very Old”) Also called Old Stone Age Time period lasted about 10,000 years Nomadic (roaming) hunters Most tools and spear points made of stone

12. Atlatl An atlatl or spear- thrower is a tool that uses leverage to achieve greater velocity in dart- throwing.

13. Archaic Indians Archaic (means “Old”) Three time spans: Early, Middle, Late Early Archaic period: 8,000 B.C. to 5,000 B.C. Hunted large animals and small game Invented tools from deer antlers Moved with each season to find best food resources

14. Midden Used by archaeologists worldwide to describe any kind of feature containing waste products relating to day- to-day human life. They may be convenient, single-use pits created by nomadic groups or long- term, designated dumps used by a group of people that accumulate over several generations.