1. Agriculture and the National Economy Cotton Farming the West

2. America, 8th Edition Copyright © 2010 W.W. Norton & Company Population Density, 1820

3. America, 8th Edition Copyright © 2010 W.W. Norton & Company Population Density, 1860

4. Transportation and the Market Revolution New Roads Water Transportation

5. America, 8th Edition Copyright © 2010 W.W. Norton & Company Transportation West, About 1840

6. Transportation and the Market Revolution Railroad – First line built in 1825 – By 1850, railroads most used way of getting goods to market Ocean Transportation – Development of the clipper ships – Getting more products to market The Role of Government

7. A Communications Revolution American Technology – Mail – Newspapers – Telegraph

8. America, 8th Edition Copyright © 2010 W.W. Norton & Company The Growth of Railroads, 1850

9. America, 8th Edition Copyright © 2010 W.W. Norton & Company The Growth of Railroads, 1860

10. The Industrial Revolution Early Textile Manufactures The Lowell System – Entire weaving process under one roof

11. The Industrial Revolution Industrialization and the Environment – Creation of dams and canals harmed farmers and commercial fishermen Industrialization and Cities – Factories required larger number of workers – Factories usually followed by development of a city around that factory

12. America, 8th Edition Copyright © 2010 W.W. Norton & Company The Growth of Industry in the 1840s

13. America, 8th Edition Copyright © 2010 W.W. Norton & Company THE GROWTH OF CITIES, 1820

14. America, 8th Edition Copyright © 2010 W.W. Norton & Company THE GROWTH OF CITIES, 1860

15. The Popular Culture Urban Recreation The Performing Arts

16. Immigration The Irish The Germans The British, Scandinavians, and Chinese

17. Immigration Nativism – Fear of all things not American – Politicians talked about limiting immigrants from some countries – Eliminating from other countries

18. Organized Labor Early Unions Labor Politics – Importance of the Democrats

19. Organized Labor The Revival of Unions

20. The Rise of Professions Teaching – Fastest growing profession at the time – For men, it became the stepping stone to law and other career opportunities Law, Medicine, and Engineering – Little formal training required – Significant growth in engineering as a career Women’s Work – Generally very little change

21. Jacksonian Inequality Very little change made in loves of common men Very few who started out poor became “self- made” men Those who sided with Jackson received the rewards of that choice Most, however, saw little change in their personal realities