1. World War II 1939-1945 “A day that will live in infamy”

2. Set the tone….
Fascism is when government controls the economy, culture, and all parts of people’s lives
Dictators are rulers who have total control of a country and its people.
The Great Depression ruined many countries economies and many people had no jobs and were suffering trying to survive

3. Powerful Dictators Adolf Hitler Claimed he knew how to solve Germany’s
problems
He formed the Nazi party (National Socialists)
He built a powerful military
He was influential to other dictators

4. Others Dictators…. Benito Mussolini and Hirohito and Joseph Stalin
Italy Japan USSR

5. Churchill and FDR
Democratic Leaders
Great Britain and US

6. Hitler’s Germany Hitler blamed Jewish people for Germany’s problems
He gave influential powerful speeches convincing people that he knew how to “fix” the economy and make Germany a powerful nation again
Formed an alliance with Italy and Japan as they all began invading other countries

7. Secrets don’t make friends
Hitler made a secret agreement with Joseph Stalin of the USSR/Soviet Union
Both men promised not to attack each other’s countries

8. Poland Invasion Hitler invaded small countries to practice
He promised to stop but lied
On Sept 1, 1939 Nazis invaded Poland
Great Britain and France (Allies team) declared war on Germany knowing Hitler would eventually attack them too
Italy and Japan declared war on the Allies
The war had begun

9. America stayed neutral?
Most Americans practiced isolationism and refused to get involved
FDR helped the British with supplies and equipment though
Knowing the US was the only one to stop Japan for invading, they attacked us at Pearl Harbor on Dec 7, 1941
Now America had joined the war with the Allies

10. Pearl Harbor Japan had conquered many Asian countries first
The U.S. Navy base in Hawaii suffered terrible damage and thousands of soldiers and sailors died
After America declared war on Japan, Italy and Germany declared war on America

11. Axis vs. Allies Axis powers consisted of Germany, Italy, Japan
Allied powers consisted of Britain, France and eventually the U.S.
Other allies joined both team until almost every country on our globe was fighting

12. Lesson 1 Review Know your vocabulary
Know your leaders and their affiliated countries
Know you timeline
Know why the war started
Know why the U.S. entered the war
Describe the events around Pearl Harbor attack
Locate Hawaii and Japan on a map

13. The U.S. Home Front
To mobilize for war, the U.S. needed people and supplies
More than 15 million Americans served in the war-some joined while others were drafted
American factories that had made cars and appliances now began to make supplies, uniforms and equipment for soldiers
This effort ended the Great Depression as mostly women went back to work

14. Airplane Production Allies and Axis powers made about 30,000 planes
1941 Allies made about 10,000 more
By 1943, Allies made 150,000 planes and the Axis made 40,000
In the end, around 1945, both decreased airplane production significantly
The U.S. built over 350,000
during the war

15. Scientists
New technologies were invented to improve the helicopter and airplane design
Radar was developed and used to locate airplanes and ships and enemies
Created the atomic bomb that eventually ended the war
U.S. government spent hundreds of billions of dollars on war supplies

16. U.S. Sacrifices Organizations packed supplies for soldiers
Children recycled metal for war products
Meat, sugar, and gas were rationed
Families planted victory gardens since most of farmer’s food went to the soldiers

17. Changes in Art
Newspapers, radio, television and even movie newsreels informed Americans of war events
Paintings, books, movies, plays were about the war
Music was written about the war
Many political cartoons
were written about
the war too

18. Japanese Americans
After Pearl Harbor, Americans worried that Japanese Americans would help Japan in the war.
FDR ordered over 100,000 Japanese (American citizens) into internment camps until after the war.
Thousands of other Japanese fought for the U.S.

19. Lesson 2 Review Know vocabulary, names of people, and timeline
Know about the U.S. workforce
Know how scientists contributed to the war effort
Know why internment camps were made in the U.S.
Locate Germany, Italy and Japan on a map

20. Propaganda
Interpret these…..

21. Germanys strategy
Axis powers caught much of the world by surprise with their powerful and well equipped militaries.
Hitler and the Nazis quickly conquered most of Europe.
Hitler broke his promise with Stalin and even attacked the Soviet Union.

22. Other strategies
Japan took control of much of the Pacific region, including the Philippines.
Italy was moving into Africa
Many new
weapons were
used in all areas

23. Allies strategy Began in North Africa near the Sahara desert
Germans and Italians retreated within the year
Allies moved to Sicily, Italy on the Mediterranean Sea
While the Allies pushed Axis powers out of Italy, Germany suffered major losses with the Soviet Union
By 1944, Germny was in trouble due to Allies air power

24. D Day

25. Normandy, France
Eisenhower led a million soldiers to the beaches of France to begin moving towards Germany from the west
Soviets were moving towards Germany from the east
May 1945 Germany surrendered
May 8th was declared VE Day (Victory in Europe)

26. Allies focus on Japan
WWII continued in the Pacific ocean as Japan had taken over parts of Asia
Battle of Midway-critical win for Allies-U.S. sank 4 Japanese aircraft carriers and many airplanes
Island hopping was used to liberate individual island which moved the U.S. closer to Japan
Navajo Indian code talkers used secret code so that Japanese couldn’t spy and understand messages

27. Iwo Jima Allies freed New Guinea, Iwo Jima and many more islands
Japanese lost major battle in the Gulf of Leyte that crippled their navy in future battles
Famous photo of U.S. Marines
raising our flag on the island
of Iwo Jima

28. VJ Day
Victory in Japan August 6, 1945 when U.S. President Truman chose dropping the atomic bomb instead of a military invasion
A bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan and killed nearly 100,000 people
Another bomb dropped 3 days later on Nagasaki, Japan which resulted in Hirohito surrendering
WWII ended August 14, 1945

29. Atomic bomb
Pilot quote: “ We turned back to look at Hiroshima. The city was hidden by that awful cloud…”

30. The Holocaust
As the fighting ended, U.S. soldiers discovered a horror of war in Germany
Millions of innocent Jewish men, women, and children were sent to concentration camps where they were forced to work, beaten, starved, experimented on, and killed for no reason
All Jews in countries taken over by Hitler were arrested or killed

31. Churchill said….
“the greatest and most horrible crime ever committed in the whole history of the world”

32. Auschwitz

33. Lesson 3 Review Know vocabulary, timeline and important names
Know significant battles
Describe D Day, VE Day and VJ Day
Know the significance of island hopping and Navajo code talkers
Know the reason WWII ended
Describe the events of the Holocaust
Locate Normandy and Japan on a map

34. The Cold War WWII ended but the Cold War began
U.S. and USSR worked to win WWII but too many differences pushed them apart quickly after the war.
Two years after WWII, the U.S. and USSR were fighting a war with words and ideas
“Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me” ? Not true!

35. Capitalism
U.S. lived under capitalism where citizens/businesses control production of goods and services based on consumers’ choices (supply and demand)
It’s also referred to as a market economy meaning citizens make most economic decisions
Citizens are protected with rights and freedoms
People have control by voting on their leaders

36. Communism
USSR (Soviet Union) lived under communism where the government controls production and owns the nation’s natural and capital resources
It is also referred to as a command economy because the govt makes most economic decisions and controls what will be produced
Citizens had few rights or freedoms
People had no control

37. Iron Curtain
After WWII, the Allies controlled western half of Germany while the USSR/Soviets controlled eastern half of the country.
However, Germany’s capital, Berlin was located in the east so it was also divided.
Allies controlled West Berlin and the Soviets controlled East Berlin
So West was democratic and free; east was communist under Stalin’s dictatorship

38. Churchill nicknamed the wall that separated east and west Berlin the Iron Curtain which quickly became the symbol of the differences of communist and non communist countries

39. NATO
Truman created an alliance called the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to help other countries protect themselves from communism
NATO countries hoped this will keep the Soviet Union from forcing communism on other countries
“I believe that we must assist free people to work out their own destinies in their own way”
- Harry Truman

40. Berlin struggles The city of Berlin was the heart of the Cold War
Soviets attempted to take over the whole city but the Allies refused to leave
No transportation to west Berlin = no supplies or food
Berlin Airlift was when Allies flew airplanes over west Berlin and dropped tons of food and supplies to trapped people

41. Berlin Airlift
“The sound of the engines was like music to our ears” West Berlin citizen

42. Interpret this political cartoon of the Berlin Airlift in West Berlin during the Cold War

43. Lesson 4 Review
Know vocabulary, important names and dates and timeline
Compare and contrast Capitalism and Communism
Describe the purpose of the Berlin Wall
Describe the purpose of NATO
Locate the USSR area on a map

44. China becomes RED
Soviets spread communism to large parts of Europe after WWII. U.S. feared further spread.
Soviets helped Mao Zedong lead China to communism.

45. Nuclear War Soviets built an atomic bomb too after WWII
Arms/Weapons race between the two countries began with the two countries building bigger and better bombs
People around the world feared nuclear war which could destroy all life

46. Anti-communism
A time when people tried to stop the spread of communism
U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy was an anticommunist and he accused other politicians of being communist and spying on the U.S.
Hundreds lost jobs

47. Korean War
United Nations (UN) was formed after WWII-included more than 50 nations with a goal of world peace
Korea was divided after WWII-South Korea was democratic supported by U.S. while North Korea was communist supported by the Soviets (similar to Berlin)
1950 North Korea invaded South Korea

48. U.S. convinced the UN to defend South Korea so soldiers from 16 nations joined the fight with the U.S.
American Douglas MacArthur led the UN forces and pushed North Korea out of South Korea
China sent soldiers to help North Korea which kept the war going for 3 years

49. Thousands of soldiers died on both sides
Finally, both sides agreed to stop fighting and the war ended
North Korea remained communist and separated from South Korea

50. Cuban Missile Crisis
Cuba (90 miles from the U.S.) became communist also in 1959 under Fidel Castro
In 1962, the U.S. discovered that the Soviet Union secretly put powerful missiles in Cuba pointed towards the U.S.
U.S. President John Kennedy (JFK) feared an attack so ordered a blockade of Cuba

51. Kennedy sent U.S. warships south to surround the island of Cuba and to prevent anymore Soviet ships from getting to Cuba
Nuclear war seemed inevitable
A compromise was made: Kennedy promised not to attack Cuba if the Soviets would remove their missiles
Both leaders agreed to finally work together now

53. Lesson 5 Review Know vocabulary, names, and timeline
Describe the arms race between America and the Soviets
Describe all events of the Korean War
Describe all events of the Cuban Missile Crisis
Find Cuba on a map

54. Test Time A+
WWII: name sides, purpose, new weapons, changes in the U.S., Dday, Holocaust, Berlin Wall
Korean War: name sides and alliances, purpose, ending
Cuban Missile Crisis: name sides and alliances, purpose, strategy, ending
Know vocabulary, names of leaders, and maps