1. Chapter 5 Section 2: Greek Government and Society

2. Greek Culture *Early on: few could read write. *Need for Verbal communication *Traveling poets: –Songs, Ballads, Epics

3. Homeric Age *Homer: blind poet *700 B.C. – put Oral history into two epics –Did he write these works?

4. The Iliad *The Iliad: Legend of Trojan War –Paris (Troy) and Helen (Mycenaean): Fall in love and sail back to Troy together. –Greeks attack Troy

6. The Trojan War *Lasted 10 years. *Greeks: build a wooden horse –hid –hid soldiers inside *Attack: Troy is destroyed. *Achilles: dies in battle

8. The Odyssey *The Odyssey: Aftermath of Trojan War *Odysseus: Mycenaean King –story of his journey home –Travels for 10 years *Gods cause problems

9. Purpose of Greek Religion 1.Explain Nature 2.Explain emotions that interfered with self-control 3.Bring benefits to Greeks

10. Greek Religious Beliefs *Polytheistic *Did not save Greeks from sin *Afterlife– not a big concern –Everyone went to gray gloomy underworld –Underworld: Neither Punishment/ Reward

11. Greek Religion *Myths – stories about gods & goddesses *Mount Olympus: home of the gods –Had human qualities –Zeus: King of the Gods

12. Greek Gods *Uranus and Gaea: ruled the Earth *Overthrown by Children –Cronus/Titans –Feared children: Ate them at birth *Titans: Overthrown by kids –Zeus/Olympians

15. Olympic Games *Held every 4 years: Honor Zeus –Please the gods –Show strength and bravery *776 B.C.- Men only *Boxing, Races, Javelin, Discus, Wrestling *Winners: Received Olive Wreaths

16. Ancient Olympic Stadiums

17. Stadium at Delphi

18. City-States *Kings/Chieftains – ruled –Relied on Aristocrats/Nobles  pay for military  support kings *Aristocrats: gained power 700 B.C. –kings overthrown by nobles

19. Nobles/Aristocrats *Aristocracy - “Rule by the Best” – –Rule by noble class *Control all aspects of life – –economy, military, religion, and laws *600 B.C. power weakens

20. Hoplite *Non-aristocratic soldier – –Rose to power b/c they could afford weapons *Heavy infantry/long spears – –Hoplite Formation *Important for city-state defense *Farmers and Hoplite: demand change.

22. Tyrants *Seized power- had support of the people *650-500 BC: ruled many city- states *Absolute ruler abuses power – –Evolved into unjust rulers *Overthrown

23. Democracy *Popular governments set up – –People can actually rule themselves?!?! *Democracy: rule by the people *Political rights (citizenship) to few *Many cities maintain aristocracy – –Ex.Sparta – –limited by the people