2. CHAPTER © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44 Assisting with Minor Surgery

3. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-2 The Medical Assistant’s Role in * Minor Surgery p. 853 Administrative –Completing insurance forms –Obtaining signed informed consent –Patient education Explaining procedure to and answering questions from the patient Pre-surgical instructions

4. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-3 The Medical Assistant’s Role in * Minor Surgery (cont.) p. 853 Relative to surgical procedure –Prepare surgical room –Prepare equipment –Assist during procedure –Ensure safety and comfort of the patient

5. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-4 The Medical Assistant’s Role in * Minor Surgery (cont.) p.853 Postoperative procedures –Patient care –Dress wound –Patient education –Ensure patient has safe transportation –Clean room for next procedure

6. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-5 Apply Your Knowledge What are the medical assistant’s responsibilities in relation to patient education and minor surgical procedures? ANSWER: The medical assistant may be responsible for providing patient education concerning the following:  Explanation of the procedure  Presurgical instructions  Postoperative instructions  Wound care

7. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-6 Surgery in the Physician’s Office Minor surgical procedure –Safely performed without general anesthesia –Use local anesthetics Reasons –Diagnose illnesses –Repair an injury –Removal of small growths

8. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-7 Common Surgical Procedures p.854 * Procedures requiring an incision  physician Draining an abscess –Collection of pus covered by a protective lining –I & D

9. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-8 Common Surgical Procedures (cont.) 854 Obtaining a biopsy specimen * –Removal of a small amount of tissue for examination –Needle biopsy –10% formalin ~ preservative Mole removal –Small discolored area of skin –Removed if it changes shape, size, or color

10. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-9 Common Surgical Procedures (cont.)* Caring for wounds Any break in the skin –Accidental Laceration Puncture wound –Intentional Cleaning p.854 –Soap and water –Irrigate with sterile solution –Debridement Surgical Chemical Mechanical Autolytic

11. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-10 Common Surgical Procedures (cont.) * ** Phase 1,2,3 under wound healing p 854 Wound healing –Three phases –Factors Age Nutritional status Overall health phase one 1. Inflammatory phase Blood vessels constrict Wound seals Blood clots Bacteria and debris are removed

12. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-11 Common Surgical Procedures (cont.) p. 854 * Wound Healing Phase two 2. Proliferation phase New tissue forms Sped up if wound edges are approximated Edges come together closing off wound Phase three 3. Maturation phase Formation of scar tissue Scar tissue –No nerves or blood vessels –Not as resilient as skin

13. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-12 Common Surgical Procedures (cont.) p. 855 * Closing a Wound –Sutures- materials are –Ligatures Absorbable--sheep or cow intestines Nonabsorbable-- silk, nylon, or polyester –Staples

14. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-13 –Medical assistant Position and drape patient Assist as needed Clean wound and apply dressing Patient instructions Special Minor Surgical Procedures p.856 * Laser surgery –Less damage to surrounding tissue –Promotes healing –Prevents infection

15. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-14 When a laser is used in an office setting, close blinds and shades to keep out stray light. Remove any items—like the paper from wrapped sterile instruments or syringes—that could catch fire if they came in contact with the laser beam. Cover any shiny or reflective surfaces or use nonshiny instruments. Everyone including the patient wears special safety goggles to protect eyes. Have a fire extinguisher in the room. Post a standard laser warning in the room’s entryway.

16. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-15 Special Minor Surgical Procedures p.856 * Cryosurgery (more than one session may be necessary) –Extreme cold used to destroy unwanted tissue –Patient education Wound care Blister may form; do not break Ice and pain relievers Electrocauterization –Needle, probe, or loop heated by electric current to destroy the target tissue –May require a grounding plate or pad (on or under the patients body) –General wound care instructions

17. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-16 Apply Your Knowledge A 65-year-old female has a wound on her left calf that is healing poorly. When reviewing her chart, what conditions would you look for that would indicate the reason for the poor healing? ANSWER: Reasons for poor wound healing include:  Age  Poor nutrition  Poor circulation  High stress levels  Diabetes  Weakened immune system  Obesity  Smoking

18. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-17 Instruments Used in Minor Surgery Cutting and dissecting instruments –Scalpels p. 857 –Scissors –Curettes

19. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-18 Grasping and Clamping Instruments Forcepsp. P. 858

20. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-19 Towel Clamps P.858 *

21. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-20 Retracting, Dilating, and Probing Instruments p.858 * Retractors Dilators Probes

22. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-21 Suturing Instruments p. 859 * NeedlesNeedle holders

23. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-22 Instruments Used in Minor Surgery (cont.) Page 859-860 Syringes and needles –Inject anesthetic solutions –Withdraw fluids –Obtain biopsy specimens Instrument trays and packs –All items needed are packaged together –Sterilized

24. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-23 Apply Your Knowledge Name at least one instrument for each of the following types: 1. Cutting and dissecting 2. Grasping and clamping 3. Retracting, dilating, and probing 4. Suturing scissors, scalpels, curettes forceps, hemostats, clamps needle holders, needles, packaged sutures retractors, dilators, probes ANSWER: SUPER!

25. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-24 Asepsis page 860 Critical to heath and safety Levels of asepsis –Medical ~ clean technique –Surgical ~ sterile technique

26. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-25 Asepsis (cont.) p. 860 http://www.bing.com /videos/search?q=yo utube+donning+surg ical+gloves&form=VI RE3&first=1#a

27. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-26 Asepsis (cont.) Biohazardous waste handling and disposal –Sharps ~ puncture-resistant container –All other items Leakproof plastic bag or container Red or labeled with orange-red biohazardous symbol

28. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-27 Surgical Asepsis Eliminates all microorganisms Sterile field –Used as a work area during procedure –Know when to redo the sterile field –Keep field above waist level

29. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-28 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A55seJQMwvA Creating the sterile field, adding sterile instruments, sterile gloves, sterile solution added to the sterile field. * Also covers the next slide

30. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-29 Surgical Asepsis Adding sterile item to sterile field –Outer one inch is “contaminated” –Instruments and supplies –Pouring sterile solutions

31. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-30 Surgical Asepsis (cont.) Surgical scrub –Removes more microorganisms than routine handwashing –Different than aseptic handwashing Donning sterile gloves

32. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-31 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QaB7dCIH8bg Surgical scrub p. 861

33. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-32 Sanitizing, disinfecting, and sterilizing equipment –Sanitization ~ cleaning with germicidal soap and water –Disinfection and/or sterilization ~ dependent on use Surgical Asepsis (cont.) p. 862

34. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-33 Apply Your Knowledge Will you use medical or surgical asepsis when assisting with minor surgery? ANSWER: You will use both levels of asepsis.

35. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-34 Sterilization p. 862 Required for all instruments or supplies that –Penetrate the skin –Contact normally sterile areas of the body –Any item used in a sterile field Items are sterile or not sterile Prior to sterilization –Sanitize –Disinfect

36. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-35 The Autoclave Primary method of sterilization –Pressurized steam –Use Standard Precautions

37. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-36 Exact temperature and pressure requirements vary with the model and type of autoclave, and with the instruments and packaging in the load. In general,, the temperature must reach 250 F to 270F (121-132 C) and the chamber pressure gauge must show 15 to 30 pounds of pressure. Look at pages 874/875 for procedure(s).

38. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-37 The Autoclave (cont.) p.863 procedure is on page874 Wrapping and labeling –Porous fabric, paper, or plastic –Sterile pack ~ instruments used together –Label with non-toxic marker Identity of items inside wrapping Person completing the procedure Expiration date

39. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-38 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QaB7dCIH8bg Getting instruments ready for the autoclave

40. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-39 The Autoclave (cont.) Preheating –Check unit –Follow manufacturer’s guidelines Settings –Most units operate automatically –Manual autoclaves Jacket pressure gauge Chamber pressure gauge Temperature gauge Timer

41. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-40 The Autoclave (cont.) Sterilized supplies –Store in clean, dry area –Shelf life Cleaning autoclave –After each use –Check unit for signs of wear Cleaning work area –Sterile and unsterile –Move all sterile items to avoid contamination

42. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-41 The Autoclave (cont.) Sterilization indicators –Do not guarantee sterilization –Show that proper temperature, pressure, and duration occurred Quality control – uses biological indicators to ensure sterilization

43. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-42 The Autoclave (cont.) Preventing incomplete sterilization –Correct timing –Adequate temperature –Properly wrapped packs –Adequate steam levels

44. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-43 Apply Your Knowledge ANSWER: Sterilization is required for all instruments or supplies that penetrate the skin or come in contact with normally sterile areas of the body. What items need to be sterilized? Right!

45. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-44 Preoperative Procedures Preliminary duties –Preoperative instructions Procedure Restrictions Ex: must have someone to drive you home after most procedures. –Administrative and legal tasks Insurance forms and preauthorization Signed informed consent –Easing fears – education and communication

46. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-45 Preoperative Procedures (cont.) Preparing the Room –Neat, clean, and free of waste –Adequate lighting –Equipment and supplies –Possibly set up sterile fields Preparing the Patient –Gown and position the patient –Drape properly

47. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-46 Preparing the Patient (cont.) Surgical skin preparation –Clean the area Circular motion Surgical site outward –Remove hair –Apply the antiseptic Same circular technique Allow to air dry

48. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-47 Apply Your Knowledge What are some of the medical assistant’s duties preoperatively? ANSWER: some of the duties are:  Patient education  Vital signs  Completing insurance forms and obtaining preauthorization  Ensuring informed consent form is signed  Easing patient fears  Preparing the room  Assisting patient into position and draping  Preparing the surgical site Good Answer!

49. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-48 Intraoperative Procedures Administering a local anesthetic –Topical application –Injections Check label Assist as needed –Inform patient of potential side effects –Epinephrine Constricts blood vessels  bleeding and  action of anesthetic

50. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-49 Assisting the Physician During Surgery Floater –Monitoring and recording –Processing specimens –Other duties as necessary

51. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-50 Assisting the Physician During Surgery (cont.) Sterile scrub assistant –Handling instruments Arrange them according to use Pass them to the physician –Other duties Swab fluids from a wound Retract edges of a wound Cut suture

52. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-51 Apply Your Knowledge What are the duties of a floater? ANSWER: During a procedure, the floater monitors the patient, documents, processes specimens, adds items to sterile field, pours sterile solutions, assists with additional anesthetic, keeps the area clean during the procedure, repositions the patient, and adjusts lighting.

53. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-52 Postoperative Procedures Immediate postoperative care –Administer medications as directed –Monitor vital signs –Watch for adverse reactions –Keep the patient lying down –Document all observations

54. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-53 Postoperative Procedures (cont.) Wound dressing – sterile material used to cover the incision Bandaging the wound – holds dressing in place

55. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-54 Postoperative Procedures (cont.) Postoperative instructions –Pain management –Wound care and signs of infection –Any restrictions –Follow-up Patient release –Assist as needed –Schedule follow-up appointment –Confirm transportation arrangements

56. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-55 Surgical Room Cleanup Place reusable instruments in a disinfectant soak—NEVER let blood or body fluids dry on instruments Dispose of waste and sharps appropriately Disinfect the counters, exam table, and trays Disinfect small pieces of nonsurgical equipment

57. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-56 Follow-up care Physician examines surgical wound The dressing is changed Wound closures removed

58. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-57 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jt7W1pRPq78 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5xkpmyt-ig Removing sutures and staples

59. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-58 Apply Your Knowledge ANSWER: A dressing is a sterile material used to cover the incision, whereas a bandage is a clean strip of gauze or elastic material used to hold the dressing in place. What is the difference between a dressing and a bandage? Excellent!

60. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-59 In Summary 44.1 The medical assistant’s role in minor surgery includes both administrative and clinical tasks. These include but are not limited to completing insurance forms, obtaining signed patient consent, preparing the surgical room, and assisting during a procedure. 44.2 Several special surgical procedures are performed in an office setting, including laser surgery, cryosurgery, and electrocauterization.

61. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-60 In Summary 44.3 Various categories of instruments are used in minor surgery including instruments for cutting and dissecting, grasping and clamping, retracting, dilating and probing, suturing, and injecting, withdrawing fluids, and obtaining specimens. 44.4 Medical asepsis involves reducing the number of microorganisms to prevent the spread of disease. The goal of surgical asepsis is to eliminate all microorganisms.

62. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-61 In Summary (cont.) 44.5 Instruments and equipment that must be sterilized before use should be sanitized to remove blood and gross tissue, and then sterilized either in an autoclave or by chemical means 44.6 A medical assistant’s preoperative duties include providing preoperative instructions to the patient, ensuring all necessary paperwork is completed, easing the patient’s fears, and preparing the surgical room.

63. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-62 In Summary (cont.) 44.7 A medical assistant may serve in one of two capacities during a surgical procedure: either as an unsterile assistant known as a floater or as a sterile scrub assistant. 44.8 A medical assistant's postoperative duties include giving immediate patient care, dressing and bandaging the wound, giving postoperative instructions, assisting with patient release, and cleaning the surgical room.

64. © 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This is proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized for sale or distribution in any manner. This document may not be copied, scanned, duplicated, forwarded, distributed, or posted on a website, in whole or part. 44-63 End of Chapter 44 A wise doctor does not mutter incantations over a sore that needs the knife. ~ Sophocles