1. Nov 6 th Sign in Finish Lecture 6 Lecture 7: Global Stratification Homework:  Davis, Mike Global Slums Chp 1-3  Summary of SL Interview #1

2. Lecture 7 Global Inequality

3. Global Inequalities  The three richest people in the world own more than the combined GDP of the 48 least-developed countries  The richest 1% of the worlds population earns more than the bottom 57% US vs. Other Countries: Vast inequalities  Income  Infrastructure  Health and Education Paradox of plenty  Why do we have inequality with so much wealth?

4. Modernization Theory Global inequality results from dysfunctions internal to poor societies themselves Rostow’s Stages of Economic Growth  Traditional society  Transitional stage  Take Off  Drive to Maturity  High Mass Consumption

5. Historical Inequalities The richest countries of the world experienced the industrial revolution in the 1800’s and early 1900’s  During this time European powers fought each other over colonial territories Colonization: a foreign power uses its superior military force to impose its political, economic, social, and cultural institutions on an indigenous population with the aim of dominating their resources, labor, and markets  Britain, the Caribbean, and India

6. Colonies in 1898

7. Human Development Index 2006

8. Dependency Theory Focuses on relationship between rich and poor countries  Development of some was dependent on the underdevelopment of others The history of colonialism needs to be taken into account when examining global inequality today  Neo-colonization: through economic and political means – not military force – countries are forced into dependency Development comes with Underdevelopment

9. Newly Industrializing Countries New, rapidly growing economies of the world started in emerge in the 1970’s How did the Asian Tigers (and also Latin America) do it?  Colonial relationships  Economic and military aid  Strong central gov’t  Global economic growth

10. World Systems Analysis Global capitalist development creates an integrated world system with three tiers  Core: major sources of capital and technology  Periphery: raw materials and cheap labor  Semi-Periphery: core in decline or periphery moving up Mobility is upward and/or downward

11. Global Integration: Whose Rules? Political and economic relations among the most powerful countries (USA, Japan, Germany, China…) shape the world economy Integration into the global economy is based on the economic theory of comparative advantage  Uneven “playing field”

12. Biopiracy and Gene Theft Biopiracy: appropriation of genetic material by foreigners  ‘Discovering’ traditional knowledge Intellectual Property Rights and TRIPS Extracting from the periphery:  Global South: 90% of biological wealth  Global North: 97% of patents

13. Best Explanation? Thinking about the readings for today, which theory do you think best explains global inequality & global poverty today?  Modernization  Dependency  World Systems Analysis